Santiago Carrillo Solares, Spanish politician, was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) from 1960 to 1982. Born in Gijón, Asturias province, Carrillo is the son of the prominent Socialist leader Wenceslao Carrillo and, as a 13-year old, was already a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). He took part in the unification of Socialist and Communist youth leagues in 1934, forming Juventudes Socialistas Unificadas.

Dolores Ibárruri Gómez, also known as "La Pasionaria" (the passion flower) (December 9, 1895-November 12, 1989), was a Spanish political leader. She was Secretary General of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) (1944-1960), President of the Communist Party of Spain (1960-1989), and a member of the Cortes (1936 and 1977-1979). Born into a poor Carlist mining family in the town of Gallarta (municipality Abanto Zierbena), Vizcaya province, …

Julio Anguita González. Spanish politician and a former teacher. Mayor of Córdoba between 1979 and 1988, was chosen General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) in 1988. Later he became leader of the leftist coalition Izquierda Unida ("United Left" IU). He was a member of the Cortes between 1989 and 2000, during which period IU improved its electoral results, obtaining 10% of the vote in March, 1996.

Francisco Frutos Gras (born 1939) is a Spanish politician and a member of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC, Catalan referent of the Communist Party of Spain, PCE) since 1963, is the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) since 1998 and member of the Cortes as member of Izquierda Unida (IU) since 1993.

Enrique Líster Forján was a Spanish communist politician and army official. A stonemason, he lived his adolescence in Cuba, before returning in 1925 and joining the Communist Party of Spain (PCE). His involvement with the revolutionary movement forced his exile until 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. Between 1932 and 1935 Líster received training in the Frunze Military Academy, one of the most respected in the former Soviet Union, …

Juan Modesto Guilloto León (El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, 1906 - Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1968) was a Republican army officer during the Spanish Civil War. He originally worked at a sawmill before joining the Spanish Army. He served in Morocco, becoming a sergeant major of the Legion. Affiliated with the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) from 1930. He was placed in charge of the Milicias Antifascistas Obreras y Campesinas (MAOC) of Madrid in 1933, …

Gaspar Llamazares Trigo M.D (born November 28, 1957 in Logroño, La Rioja, Spain) is a Spanish politician. He is the leader of the leftist coalition Izquierda Unida (IU, "United Left") since 2001, in the post of General Coordinator. He is a member of Communist Party of Spain (PCE).

Segismundo Casado López was a Spanish Army officer in the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. The son of a military man, he entered the Royal Cavalry Academy at Valladolid at age 15 and reached the rank of major by 1936, serving as head of the military guard of President Manuel Azaña. After the start of the Spanish Civil War, Casado helped to develop the tactics of the Republican Army in central Spain.

Joaquín Arderíus y Sánchez Fortún was a Spanish experimental and political novelist. Arderíus studied in Madrid before taking engineering courses at the University of Liège. He abandoned these studies to dedicate himself to literature and leftist politics, and was jailed many times for his revolutionary activities during the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera. In 1927, Arderíus founded the very successful periodical "Oriente".

Camillo Berneri (also known as Camillo da Lodi; 1877, Lodi-May 5 1937, Barcelona) was an Italian professor of philosophy, anarchist militant, propagandist and theorist. Berneri, a World War I veteran, University of Florence professor of humanities, and a member of the Unione Anarchica Italiana, had been opposed to the takeover of his country by Fascists, engaging in resistance until 1926, when he was forced to take refuge to France, then Switzerland, …

Cipriano Mera Sanz was a Spanish military and political figure during the Second Spanish Republic. A bricklayer, he joined the anarchist movement and presided over the construction union of Madrid of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT). During the congress celebrated in Madrid at the beginning of the Republic, he was in favor of the most radical, collaborating sectors of the Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI).

Jacques Duclos (October 2, 1896 in Louey, Hautes-Pyrénées-April 25, 1975 in Montreuil) was a French Communist politician who played a key role in French politics from 1926, when he entered the French National Assembly after defeating Paul Reynaud, until 1969, when he achieved a substantial proportion of the vote in the Presidential Elections. During World War I, Duclos fought in the Battle of Verdun, where he was wounded.

Valter or Walter Roman, born Ernst or Ernő Neuländer, was a Romanian communist activist and soldier. During his lifetime, Roman was active inside the Romanian, Czechoslovakian, French, and Spanish Communist parties as well as being a Comintern cadre. He started his military career as a volunteer in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War, and rose to prominence in Communist Romania, …

Sebastián Pozas Perea was a Spanish military officer and civil servant. Trained in the cavalry, Pozas offered a long service in Spanish Morocco, fighting in the Rif Wars and attaining the rank of general in 1926, by order of the Miguel Primo de Rivera government. In the 1930s, Pozas served the Republic as Director General of the "Guardia Civil". When the Nationalists rose against the government on July 18, 1936, leading to the Spanish Civil War, …

Federico Jiménez Losantos is one of the most popular and controversial radio talk show hosts of Spain. He was born in Orihuela del Tremedal (Teruel, Spain) on September 15, 1951. He earned a degree in Hispanic Philology from the University of Barcelona and was a senior teacher of Spanish Literature at the "Instituto Lope de Vega", a high school in Madrid.

Bento António Gonçalves, <small>GOL</small> (1902-1942) was the second Secretary General of the Portuguese Communist Party, he was born in Montalegre, near Bragança, in the North of Portugal. Not much is known about his childhood. In 1915 he became an apprentice mechanical turner in Lisbon, four years later, in 1919 he started doing the same work in the Arsenal of the Portuguese navy in Alfeite.