- Charles The Fat
Charles the Fat (Latin: "Carolus Pinguis"; 13 June 839 - 13 January 888) was the King of Alemannia from 876, King of Italy from 879, Holy Roman Emperor (as Charles III) from 881, King of East Francia from 882, and King of West Francia from 884. He was deposed in East Francia, Lotharingia, and possibly Italy (there the records are not clear) in 887. He died just a few weeks after his deposition in January 888. - Arnulf Of Carinthia
Arnulf (850 - December 8 899) was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887 and Holy Roman Emperor from 896 to his death. He was the illegitimate son of Carloman, King of Bavaria, and his concubine, Liutswind, of Carantanian (Slovenian) origin, daughter of one Count Ernst. He was given the Duchy of Carinthia (a Frankish vassal state and successor of the ancient Principality of Karantania) by his father when he divided his realm, … - Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV (November 11 1050 - August 7 1106) was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084, until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the eleventh century. His reign was marked by the Investiture Controversy with the Papacy and several civil wars with pretenders to his throne in Italy and Germany. - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II (December 26, 1194 - December 13, 1250), of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was a pretender to the title of King of the Romans from 1212 and unopposed holder of that monarchy from 1215. As such, he was King of Germany, and of Italy, and of Burgundy. He was Holy Roman Emperor from his papal coronation in 1220 until his death. His original title was King of Sicily, which he held as Frederick I from 1198 to death. - Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
Otto I the Great (23 November 912 - 7 May 973), son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke of Saxony, King of Germany, King of Italy, and arguably the first Holy Roman Emperor. - Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 - 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy at Pavia in 1154, and finally crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155. He was crowned King of Burgundy at Arles on 30 June 1178. Before his royal election, he was by inheritance Duke of Swabia (1147-1152, as Frederick III). He was the son of Duke Frederick II of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. - Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VI (November 1165 - 28 September 1197) was King of Germany from 1190 to 1197, Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 to 1197 and King of Sicily from 1194 to 1197. - Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor
Conrad II (c. 990-June 4, 1039) was the son of a mid-level nobleman in Franconia, Count Henry of Speyer and Adelheid of Alsace, who inherited the titles the Salian Count of Speyer and of Worms as an infant when Henry died at age twenty. From his power base in Worms and Speyer as he matured he came to be well known by many noblemen in The Germanies, and when the Saxon line died off and the elected monarchy for the Eastern German realm was up for grabs, … - Conrad IV of Germany
Conrad IV (25 April, 1228 - 21 May, 1254) was king of Jerusalem (as Conrad II) (1228-1254), of Germany (1237-1254), and of Sicily (as Conrad I) (1250-1254). He was a son of the Hohenstaufen Emperor Frederick II and the queen regnant of Jerusalem, Yolanda. Born in Andria, Conrad was the second but only surviving son of Frederick and Yolanda, who died while bearing him. Conrad lived in Italy until 1235, when he first visited Germany. - Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry III (29 October 1017 - 5 October 1056, German: Heinrich III), called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors. He was the eldest son of Conrad II of Germany and Gisela of Swabia and his father made him duke of Bavaria (as Henry VI) in 1026, after the death of Duke Henry V. Then, on Easter Day 1028, his father having been crowned Holy Roman Emperor, … - Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry V (11 August 1086 - 23 May 1125) was King of Germany (from 1099) and Holy Roman Emperor (from 1111), the fourth and last ruler of the Salian dynasty. Henry's reign coincided with the final phase of the great Investiture Controversy, which had pitted pope against emperor. By the settlement of the Concordat of Worms, he surrendered to the demands of the second generation of Gregorian reformers. - Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
St. Henry II (6 May 973 - 13 July 1024), called the Holy or the Saint, was the fifth and last Holy Roman Emperor of the Saxon (or Ottonian) dynasty from his coronation in Rome in 1014 until his death a decade later. He was crowned King of Germany in 1002 and King of Italy in 1004. He was the only German king to be canonised. He was the son of Henry II, Duke of Bavaria. As his father had rebelled against two previous emperors, … - Adelaide Of Italy
Saint Adelaide (931 - 16 December 999) was perhaps the most prominent European woman of the 10th century. She was the daughter of Rudolf II of Burgundy and Bertha of Swabia. Her first marriage, at the age of fifteen, was to the son of her father's rival in Italy, Lothair II, the nominal King of Italy; the union was part of a political settlement designed to conclude a peace between her father and Hugh of Provence, the father of Lothair. They had a daughter, Emma of Italy. - Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV (German: "Karl IV", Czech: "Karel IV.", Hungarian: "IV. Károly"; 14 May 1316 - 29 November 1378), born Wenceslaus (Václav), of the House of Luxembourg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1355 until his death. He was the eldest son and heir of John the Blind, from whom he inherited Luxembourg and Bohemia on 26 August 1346. - Gerberga Of Saxony
Gerberga of Saxony (c. 913-5 May, 984) was a daughter of Henry the Fowler, king of Germany, and Matilda of Ringelheim. She married first Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine. They had four children: *Gerberge of Lorraine b. about 925. Married Adalbert I of Vermandois. *Alberade of Lorraine b. about 930. *Henri, Duke of Lorraine b. about 932 *Wiltrude, Duchess of Bavaria b. about 937. Married Berthold, Duke of Bavaria. She married secondly Louis IV of France in 939. - Bruno I, Archbishop of Cologne
Bruno the Great or Bruno I (925-965) was Archbishop of Cologne, Germany, from 953 until his death, and Duke of Lotharingia from 954. He was the brother of Otto I, king of Germany and later Holy Roman Emperor. - Adolf Of Germany
Adolf or Adolph (c. 1255 - 2 July 1298) was the King of Germany from 1292 until 1298. His title in his lifetime was "rex Romanorum", but he is usually known as Adolf of Nassau. Adolf of Nassau was a member of the minor nobility, born about 1255 as son of count Walram II of Nassau and Adelheid of Katzenelnbogen. - Günther von Schwarzburg
Günther von Schwarzburg, German king, was a descendant of the counts of Schwarzburg and the younger son of Henry VII, count of Blankenburg. He distinguished himself as a soldier, and rendered good service to the Emperor Louis IV on whose death in 1347 he was offered the German throne, after it had been refused by Edward III of England. He was elected German king at Frankfurt on January 30 1349 by four of the electors, … - Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
Lothair III of Supplinburg (1075 - 1137), was Duke of Saxony (1106), King of Germany (1125), and Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 to 1137. He was the son of Count Gebhard of Supplinburg. - Leopold III, Margrave of Austria
Leopold III (1073 - November 15, 1136) was the Margrave of Austria in 1095-1136. Also known as Saint Leopold (his feast day is November 15), he is patron saint of Austria, of Vienna, Lower Austria, and, jointly with Saint Florian, of Upper Austria. Leopold was the son of Margrave Leopold II and Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg. He married twice. His first wife may have been one of the von Perg family, who died in 1105. - Otto II, Duke of Swabia
Otto II (died 1047) was Count Palatine of Lotharingia (1034 - 1045), then Duke of Swabia (1045 - 1047), and all the while Count in Deutz and Auelgau (1025 - 1047). He was also the protector of Brauweiler, the son of Ezzo and Matilda, a daughter of the Emperor Otto II, and a member of the Ezzonian dynasty. In 1034, the Count Palatine Ezzo died. As Otto's older brother Liudolf had died in 1031, he succeeded his father to that position. - Pilgrim, Archbishop Of Cologne
Pilgrim (died 25 August 1036) was the archbishop of Cologne (1021-1036) and archchancellor of Italy (from 1031) in the Holy Roman Empire, a dignity he obtained for all his successors. His origins are not known with certainty, he either descends from the counts of Isengau or Margrave Aribo of Austria. He was a warrior-prelate and accompanied both Emperors Henry II and Conrad II on their expeditions to the Mezzogiorno, … - Burchard II, Duke of Swabia
Burchard II was the Duke of Swabia (from 917) and Rhaetia. He was the son of Burchard I and Liutgard of Saxony. Burchard took part in the early wars over Swabia. His family being from Franconia, he founded the monastery of St Margarethen in Waldkirch to extend his family's influence into the Rhineland. On his father's arrest and execution for high treason in 911, he and his wife, Regelinda, daughter of Count Eberhard I of Zürich, … - Matthias I, Duke of Lorraine
Matthias I was the duke of Lorraine from 1138 to his death as the eldest son and successor of Simon I and Adelaide. Like his forefathers going back to Thierry II and even to Adalbert, he was a stern supporter of the king of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor. He himself married Judith (sometimes called Bertha), daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Swabia, and therefore niece of the Hohenstaufen king Conrad III and sister of Frederick Barbarossa, future emperor. - Herman II, Duke of Swabia
Herman II (died 4 May 1003) was the Conradine duke of Swabia from 997 to his death, as the son of and successor Conrad I. Herman opposed the election of Henry III, Duke of Bavaria, as king of Germany because he himself had been a contender. Henry separated Alsace from Swabia and took control of the duchy, a situation which continued through the reign of Herman's son and successor, Herman III. He married Gerberga of Burgundy, and they had Gisela of Swabia, … - Adelaide Of Holland
Adelaide of Holland or Aleide (Aleidis) van Holland was a daughter of Floris IV, Count of Holland and sister of William II, Count of Holland and King of Germany. On October 9, 1246, Adelaide married John I of Avesnes, Count of Hainaut and had the following issue: #John II, Count of Hainaut and Holland (1237-1304) #Joanna, abbess of Flines (died 1304) #Bouchard, Bishop of Metz (1251-1296) #Guy, Bishop of Utrecht (1253-1317) #William, … - Theobald II, Duke of Lorraine
Theobald II (1263 - May 13 1312) was the duke of Lorraine from 1303 to his death. He was the son and successor of Frederick III and Margaret, daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre. In 1298, he took part in the Battle of Göllheim, near Speyer, in which the king of Germany, Adolph, was killed fighting his rival, Albert of Hapsburg. - Herman Of Salm
Herman of Luxembourg (died 28 September 1088), Count of Salm, was a German anti-king of the Holy Roman Empire who ruled from 1081 until his death. From the 10th century the rulers for the Holy Roman Empire were elected German kings, who expected to be crowned by the Pope as Holy Roman Emperor. - Boniface II of Montferrat
Boniface II (July 1202 - 12 June 1253), called the Giant, was the Margrave of Montferrat from 1225 until his death. He received the titularity of the Kingdom of Thessalonica in 1239. Boniface was the eldest but only son of the three children of William VI and his second wife, Berta di Clavesana. He was appointed to succeed his father in 1225 when William led a group of crusaders to Frankish Greece. In Spring 1226, he took full command of Montferrat. - Isabel Of Aragon
Isabel of Aragon (1305 - 12 July, 1330) was the Queen consort of Frederick I of Austria, King of Germany. - Eberhard, Archbishop Of Trier
Eberhard (c. 1010 - 15 April 1066) was the Archbishop of Trier from 1047 until his death. Eberhard was a son of Ezelin. He was educated at the Cathedral of Worms. He was appointed archbishop by the Emperor Henry III in consultation with the people of the archdiocese. In 1048, he travelled to Rome with the Bishop of Toul to attend his confirmation as Pope Leo IX and to himself be consecrated Archchancellor of Gaul. - Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick II (died October 10 1213) was the duke of Lorraine from 1206 to his death, son of Frederick I and Ludmilla, daughter of Mieszko III the Old, of the Piast Dynasty. In 1179, a three-year civil war ended in Lorraine and Duke Simon II was forced to agree to the Treaty of Ribemont, whereby Lorrain was divided: the northern, germanophone half going to Simon's brother Frederick and the southern, francophone half to Simon, … - Albert I of Germany I of Germany
Albrecht I of Habsburg (July 1255 - May 1, 1308), sometimes named as Albert I, was King of Germany, Duke of Austria, and eldest son of German King Rudolph I of Habsburg and Gertrude of Hohenburg. The founder of the great house of Habsburg was invested with the duchies of Austria and Styria, together with his brother Rudolph II, in 1282. In 1283 his father entrusted him with their sole government, and he appears to have ruled them with conspicuous success. - Welf VII
Welf VII (c.1135 - 11 or 12 September 1167) was the only son of Welf VI, Duke of Spoleto and Margrave of Tuscany, and Uta, daughter of Godfrey of Calw, count palatine of the Rhine. He was a member of the House of Welf. His father inherited the family's estates in Swabia, including the prominent counties of Altdorf and Ravensburg, which he gave to Welf. Welf, however, spent much of his time managing the Italian possessions while his father stayed in Swabia. - Frederick Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Frederick was the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1373 and briefly King of Germany in opposition to Wenceslaus in 1400. Frederick was the eldest son of Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Catherine of Anhalt-Bernburg. Like his father, he was thrust into a typical Lüneburger succession war with his brothers, which he eventually won by conquering Lüneburg itself in 1388. - Herman III, Duke of Swabia
Hermann III (died April 1, 1012) was Duke of Swabia from 1003 until 1012. The son of Hermann II, he was a member of the Conradines. Hermann's reign as duke was effectively controlled by the King of Germany, Henry II. At the time of his ascension, Hermann was still a minor, and Henry disliked the Conradines; Hermann II had opposed his election as king in 1002. Henry's control over Swabia was still present when Hermann died in 1012. - Ernest II, Duke of Swabia
Ernest II (died August 17, 1030) was Duke of Swabia from 1015 to 1030. A member of the Babenberg family, he was the son of Ernest I and Gisela of Swabia. As the elder son of his father, Ernest became duke following the senior Ernest's death in 1015. Since he was a minor, the government of Swabia was run by regency. At first his mother Gisela assumed the position of regent; she later gave way to Poppo, Archbishop of Trier. - Imagina Of Isenburg-Limburg
Imagina of Isenburg-Limburg (d. 29 September, 1313?) was the Queen consort of Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, King of Germany. - Conrad III of Germany III of Germany
Conrad III (1093 - 15 February 1152) was the first King of Germany of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. He was the son of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia, and Agnes, a daughter of the Salian Emperor Henry IV. Conrad was appointed Duke of Franconia by his uncle, Henry V, in 1115. One year later he acted as regent for Germany, together with his elder brother, Frederick II of Swabia. At the death of Henry (1125), Conrad unsuccessfully supported Frederick for the kingship of Germany. - Henry I of Germany I of Germany
Henry I the Fowler was the duke of Saxony from 912 and king of the Germans from 919 until his death. First of the Ottonian Dynasty of German kings and emperors, he is generally considered to be the founder and first king of the medieval German state, known until then as East Francia. An avid hunter, he obtained the epithet "the Fowler" because he was allegedly fixing his birding nets when messengers arrived to inform him that he was to be king.
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