- Albert Einstein
This German born physicist is considered one of the world's greatest thinkers in history. Not only did he shape the way people think of time, space, matter, energy, and gravity but he also was a supporter of Zionism and peaceful living. Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm Germany, and spent most of his youth living in Munich, where his family owned a small electric machinery shop. He attended schooling in Munich, which he found unimaginative and dull. - Marie Curie
Maria Skłodowska-Curie (born Maria Skłodowska; known in France and most other countries as Marie Curie; November 7, 1867 - July 4 1934) was a Polish-French physicist and chemist. She was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity, the first twice-honored Nobel laureate (and still today the only laureate in two different sciences), and the first female professor at the Sorbonne. - Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, surname more accurately romanized as Gorbachyov; born 2nd March 1931) is a Russian politician. He was the last leader of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until its collapse in 1991. His attempts at reform helped end the Cold War, and also ended the political supremacy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and dissolved the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990. - Niels Bohr
Niels (Henrik David) Bohr was a Danish physicist who made fundamental contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1922. He was also part of the team of physicists working on the Manhattan Project. Bohr married Margrethe Nørlund in 1912, and one of their sons Aage Niels Bohr grew up to be an important physicist, who like his father received the Nobel prize. - Albert Camus
Albert Camus (November 7, 1913 - January 4, 1960) was a French author and philosopher. Although he is often associated with existentialism, Camus preferred to be known as a man and a thinker, rather than as a member of a school or ideology. He preferred persons over ideas. In an interview in 1945, Camus rejected any ideological associations: “No, I am not an existentialist. - Yasser Arafat
Mohammed Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini, popularly known as Yasser Arafat, was Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (1968-2004) and President of the Palestinian National Authority (1993-2004). In 1994, Arafat received the Nobel Peace Prize together with, Yitzhak Rabin, and Shimon Peres, for the negotiation of the 1993 Oslo Peace Accord. Arafat was a controversial and controlling figure throughout his lengthy career. - José Saramago
José de Sousa Saramago, <small>GColSE</small> is a Nobel-laureate Portuguese writer, playwright and journalist. His works commonly present subversive perspectives on historic events, emphasizing the human factor rather than the official story. Some of his works can also be seen as allegories. Saramago was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1998. He currently lives on Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, Spain. - Daniel Kahneman
Daniel Kahneman (born March 5, 1934 in Tel Aviv), is an Israeli-American psychologist and Nobel laureate, notable for his pioneering work on behavioral finance and hedonic psychology. With Amos Tversky and others, Kahneman established a cognitive basis for common human errors using heuristics and in developing prospect theory. Kahneman spent his childhood years in Paris, France and moved to Israel in 1946. He received his B.Sc. - Shimon Peres
"' (born Szymon Perski"' on August 2, 1923 in eastern Poland) is the 9th President of the State of Israel. He is a senior Israeli statesman with a political career spanning more than 65 years. He joined the Knesset in November 1959 and, except for a three-month-long hiatus in early 2006, served continuously until June 13, 2007, the day he was elected President of Israel. - Isaac Bashevis Singer
Isaac Bashevis Singer (November 21, 1902 (see notes below) – July 24, 1991) was a Nobel Prize-winning Polish born American writer of both short stories and novels. He wrote in Yiddish. - Ilya Prigogine
Ilya Prigogine was a Belgian physicist and Nobel Laureate chemist noted for his work on dissipative structures, complex systems, and irreversibility. Prigogine was born in Moscow, Russia and studied chemistry at the Université Libre de Bruxelles in Brussels, Belgium. In 1959, he was appointed director of the International Solvay Institute in Brussels, Belgium. - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
Alexandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (born December 11, 1918) is a Russian novelist, dramatist and historian. Through his writings, he made the world aware of the Gulag, the Soviet labor camp system, and, for these efforts, Solzhenitsyn was both awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970 and exiled from the Soviet Union in 1974. He returned to Russia in 1994. - Avram Hershko
Dr. Avram Hershko was born in 1937, in Karcag, Hungary . In 1950, Hershko and his family emigrated from Hungary to Israel . Hershko is a Distinguished Professor at the Unit of Biochemistry, the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine at the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in Haifa , Israel. He became a Professor at the Technion in 1980, and was an Associate Professor there from 1972 to 1980. - Alexis Carrel
Alexis Carrel was a French surgeon, biologist and eugenicist, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912. He was also a member of Jacques Doriot's Parti Populaire Français (PPF), the most collaborationist party during Vichy France. - Yitzhak Rabin
"'"', <font color="white">a</font>(March 1, 1922 – November 4, 1995) was an Israeli politician and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel with two periods in office, from 1974 until 1977 and from 1992 until his assassination in 1995. In 1994 during his second term Rabin won the Nobel Peace Prize together with Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat, for their efforts towards peace which culminated in the Oslo Accords. - Joseph Brodsky
Joseph Brodsky (May 24, 1940 - January 28, 1996), born Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky was a Russian poet and essayist who won the Nobel Prize in Literature (1987) and was chosen Poet Laureate of the United States (1991-1992). He had an honorary degree of the University of Silesia. - Boris Pasternak
Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (May 30, 1960) was a Nobel Prize-winning Russian poet and writer, in the West best known for his epic novel "Doctor Zhivago". The novel is a tragedy, whose events span through the last period of Czarist Russia and early days of Soviet Union, and was first translated and published in Italy in 1957. In fact, Boris Pasternak, however, is most celebrated in Russia as a poet. - Menachem Begin
"'"' (August 16, 1913 – March 9, 1992) was a Polish-Jewish head of the Zionist underground group the Irgun, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and the first Likud Prime Minister of Israel. Though revered by many Israelis, Begin’s legacy remains highly controversial and divisive. As the leader of Irgun, Begin played a central role in Jewish military resistance to the British Mandate of Palestine, but was strongly deplored and consequently sidelined by mainstream Zionist leadership. - Henri Bergson
Henri-Louis Bergson (October 18, 1859-January 4, 1941) was a major French philosopher, influential in the first half of the 20th century. - Andrei Sakharov
Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (May 21 1921 – December 14 1989) was an eminent Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident and human rights activist. Sakharov was an advocate of civil liberties and reforms in the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975. - Henryk Sienkiewicz
Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (May 5, 1846, Wola Okrzejska, Congress Poland, - November 15, 1916, Vevey, Switzerland), Oszyk Coat of Arms, was a Polish novelist and publicist. He recived the Nobel Prize in literature in 1905 "because of his outstanding merits as an epic writer." One of the most popular Polish writers at the turn of 19th and 20th century. - Roald Hoffmann
Roald Hoffmann (born July 18, 1937 as "Roald Safran" - Hoffmann is the surname adopted by his stepfather in the years after World War II) is an American theoretical chemist who won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He currently teaches at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. - Robert Aumann
Yisrael Robert John Aumann (born June 8, 1930) is an Israeli mathematician and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences. He works at the Center for the Study of Rationality in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel. Aumann was awarded the 2005 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for "having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis". He shared the prize with Thomas Schelling. - Aaron Ciechanover
Aaron Ciechanover is an Israeli biologist. In 2000 he received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. Along with Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose, he was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Born in Haifa, Israel, he received his Master of Science in 1971 and his M.D. in 1974 from the Hadassah Medical School of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. - Henri Becquerel
Antoine Henri Becquerel (December 15, 1852 - August 25, 1908) was a French physicist, Nobel laureate, and one of the discoverers of radioactivity. - Wassily Leontief
Wassily Wassilyovitch Leontief (August 5, 1905, Munich, Germany - February 5, 1999, New York), was an economist notable for his research on how changes in one economic sector may have an effect on other sectors. Leontief won a Nobel Prize in Economics in 1973. - Joseph Rotblat
Sir Joseph Rotblat, KCMG, CBE, FRS, (4 November, 1908 - 31 August, 2005) was a Polish-born British-naturalised physicist. His work on nuclear fall-out was a major contribution to the agreement of the Partial Test Ban Treaty. A signatory of the Russell-Einstein manifesto, he was secretary general of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs from its founding until 1973. - Paul J. Crutzen
Paul Jozef Crutzen (born December 3, 1933, Amsterdam) is a Dutch Nobel prize winning atmospheric chemist. Crutzen is best known for his research on ozone depletion. He lists his main research interests as "Stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry, and their role in the biogeochemical cycles and climate". He currently works at the Department of Atmospheric Chemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, in Mainz, … - Severo Ochoa
Severo Ochoa de Albornoz was a Spanish-American biochemist, and the recipient of the 1959 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Severo Ochoa was born in Luarca (Asturias), Spain. His father was Severo Manuel Ochoa, a lawyer and businessman, and his mother, Carmen de Albornoz. His father died when Ochoa was seven and he and his mother moved to Málaga, where he attended school through high school. - Jan Tinbergen
Jan Tinbergen (The Hague, April 12, 1903 - June 9, 1994 The Hague), Dutch economist, was awarded the first Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1969, which he shared with Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes. Timbergen was a founding trustee of Economists for Peace and Security - Hendrik Lorentz
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (July 18, 1853, Arnhem - February 4, 1928, Haarlem) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and elucidation of the Zeeman effect. - Shmuel Yosef Agnon
Shmuel Yosef Agnon. One of the central figures in modern Hebrew fiction, Agnon was born in Galicia, later immigrated as a Zionist to Ottoman Palestine, and died in Jerusalem. His works deal with the conflict between the traditional Jewish life and language and the modern world. They also attempt to recapture the fading traditions of the European "shtetl" (village). In a wider context, he also contributed to the narrator's character in modern literature. - Georges Charpak
Georges Charpak is a Polish-French physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics winner. Charpak was born in the village of Dąbrowica in Poland (modern Dubrovytsia, Ukraine) to a Jewish family of Polish/Ukrainian origin as Jerzy Charpak. Charpak's family moved from Poland to Paris when he was seven years old. During World War II Charpak served in the resistance and was imprisoned by Vichy authorities in 1943. In 1944 he was deported to the Nazi concentration camp at Dachau, … - Camilo José Cela
Don Camilo José Cela Trulock, Marquis of Iria Flavia (May 11, 1916 - January 17, 2002) was an influential Spanish writer and member of the Generation of 1950. - Vicente Aleixandre
Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo Spanish poet, born in Sevilla. Nobel Prize laureate for Literature in 1977. He was part of the Generation of '27, and died in Madrid in 1984. Aleixandre's early poetry, which he wrote chiefly in free verse, is highly surrealistic. It also praises the beauty of nature by using symbols that represent the earth and the sea. Many of Aleixandre's early poems are filled with sadness. - Czesław Miłosz
Czesław Miłosz, was a Polish poet, writer, academic, and translator. In 1961 he became a professor of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the University of California, Berkeley, and in 1980 he won the Nobel Prize in Literature. - Maurice Allais
Maurice Allais (born May 31, 1911 in Paris, France) is a well-known economist, and was the 1988 winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics "for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources". - Adolfo Pérez Esquivel
Adolfo Pérez Esquivel was the recipient of the 1980 Nobel Peace Prize. He is noted for leading protests against the Free Trade Area of the Americas and for alleging that the Argentinan police are forming children into paramilitary squads, an operation he compares to the creation of Nazi Germany's Hitler Youth. Pérez Esquivel attended the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes and the Universidad Nacional de La Plata where he was trained as an architect and sculptor. - Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji is a French physicist working at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, France. Cohen-Tannoudji was born in Constantine to Algerian Jewish parents, when Algeria was still part of France. After primary and secondary studies in Algiers, Cohen-Tannoudji left Algeria for Paris to attend the École normale supérieure. Lectures were given by Henri Cartan, Laurent Schwartz or Alfred Kastler. In 1958 he married Jacqueline, a high school teacher, … - Juan Ramón Jiménez
Juan Ramón Jiménez was a Spanish poet. One of his most important contributions to modern poetry was the idea of "poesia pura" (pure poetry). A prolific author, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1956. == Biography == Jiménez was born in Moguer, near Huelva, in the Andalusia region of southern Spain, on 24 December 1881. He celebrated his home region in his prose poem about a writer and his donkey, called "Platero y Yo" (1914).
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