- Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (April 26, 1889 in Vienna, Austria - April 29, 1951 in Cambridge, England) was an Austrian philosopher who contributed several ground-breaking ideas to philosophy, primarily in the foundations of logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind. His influence has been wide-ranging, placing him among the most significant philosophers of the 20th century. - J. L. Austin
John Langshaw Austin was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory and terminology of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford University. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. - John Searle
John Rogers Searle (born July 31 1932 in Denver, Colorado) is the Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley. He is widely noted for contributions to the philosophy of language and the philosophy of mind, and for his views on practical reason and the characteristics of socially constructed versus physical realities. He was awarded the Jean Nicod Prize and the Jovellanos Prize in 2000, and the National Humanities Medal in 2004. - John Locke
John Locke was an English philosopher. Locke is considered the first of the British Empiricists, but is equally important to social contract theory. His ideas had enormous influence on the development of epistemology and political philosophy, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers and contributors to liberal theory. His writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, … - Donald Davidson
Donald Herbert Davidson (March 6, 1917 - August 30, 2003) was an American philosopher, who served as Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1981 to 2003, after having also held substantive teaching appointments at Stanford University, Rockefeller University, Princeton University and the University of Chicago. His work has exerted considerable influence in nearly all areas of philosophy from the 1960s onward, … - Richard Rorty
Richard McKay Rorty was an American philosopher. Rorty's long and diverse career saw him working in Philosophy, Humanities, and Literature departments. His complex intellectual background gave him a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the analytical tradition he would later famously reject. - Saul Kripke
Professor Saul Kripke (Philosophy), who had been a visiting professor at The Graduate Center since Spring 2002, now joins the faculty as a Professor of Philosophy. He is known as a brilliant logician and one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century. While a high school student in Nebraska, he wrote a series of papers that transformed modal logic and remain canonical works in the field. - Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap (May 18, 1891, Ronsdorf, Germany - September 14, 1970, Santa Monica, California) was an influential philosopher who was active in central Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a leading member of the Vienna Circle and a prominent advocate of logical positivism. - Paul Grice
Herbert Paul Grice (March 13, 1913, Birmingham, England - August 28, 1988, Berkeley, California), usually publishing under the name Paul Grice, was a British-educated philosopher of language, who spent the final two decades of his career in the U.S. - Gottlob Frege
Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege was a German mathematician who became a logician and philosopher. He helped found both modern mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. His work has exerted a fundamental and far-reaching influence on 20th-century philosophy, especially in English-speaking countries. - Michael Dummett
Sir Michael Anthony Eardley Dummett F.B.A., D. Litt, (born 1925) is a leading British philosopher. He has both written on the history of analytic philosophy, and made original contributions to the subject, particularly in the areas of philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of logic, philosophy of language and metaphysics. He also devised the Quota Borda system of proportional voting, based on the Borda count, and has written scholarly works on tarot. - Hilary Putnam
Hilary Whitehall Putnam (born July 31 1926) is an American philosopher who has been a central figure in Western philosophy since the 1960s, especially in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, and philosophy of science. He is known for his willingness to apply an equal degree of scrutiny to his own philosophical positions and to those of others, subjecting each position to rigorous analysis until he exposes its flaws. - John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill, (20 May 1806 - 8 May 1873) British philosopher, political economist and Member of Parliament, was an influential liberal thinker of the 19th century. He was an advocate of utilitarianism, the ethical theory that was systemized by his godfather, Jeremy Bentham, but adapted to German romanticism. It is usually suggested that Mill is an advocate of negative liberty. However, this has been contested by many academics, notably Dr. - Jürgen Habermas
Jürgen Habermas is a German philosopher and sociologist in the tradition of critical theory and American pragmatism. He is best known for his work on the concept of the public sphere, which he has based in his theory of communicative action. His work has focused on the foundations of social theory and epistemology, the analysis of advanced capitalistic societies and democracy, the rule of law in a critical social-evolutionary context, … - Gilbert Ryle
Gilbert Ryle (Brighton, 19 August 1900-Oxford, 6 October 1976), was a philosopher, and a representative of the generation of British ordinary language philosophers influenced by Wittgenstein's insights into language, and is principally known for his critique of Cartesian dualism, for which he coined the phrase "the ghost in the machine". - Jason Stanley
Jason Stanley (b. October 12, 1969) is an American philosopher currently teaching at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ. His primary interests include linguistics, cognitive science, and philosophy of language. Stanley is an occasional contributor to Brian Leiter's "Leiter Reports" blog. - Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Maurice Merleau-Ponty was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Edmund Husserl. Merleau-Ponty was closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, and influenced by Martin Heidegger, but his philosophy tended to focus on the phenomenological and corporeal foundations of perception. - P. F. Strawson
Sir Peter Frederick Strawson (November 23 1919 - 13 February 2006) was an English philosopher. He was the Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy at the University of Oxford (Magdalen College) from 1968 to 1987. Before that he was appointed as a college lecturer at University College, Oxford in 1947 and became a tutorial fellow the following year until 1968. - Ruth Millikan
Ruth Garrett Millikan (1933-) is a well-known American philosopher of biology, psychology, and language. She was awarded the Jean Nicod Prize and gave the "Jean Nicod Lectures" in Paris in 2002. Millikan earned her PhD from Yale University where she studied under Wilfrid Sellars. She and Paul Churchland are often considered leading proponents of "right wing" (i.e., individualistic) Sellarsianism. - Charles Peirce
Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced "purse"), (September 10, 1839 - April 19, 1914) was an American polymath, physicist, and philosopher, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Although Peirce was educated as a chemist and was employed as a scientist for 30 years, it is for his contributions to logic, mathematics, philosophy, and the theory of signs, or semiotics, that he is largely appreciated today. - Walter Benjamin
Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin was a German Marxist literary critic, essayist, translator, and philosopher. He was at times associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory and was also greatly inspired by the Marxism of Bertolt Brecht and Jewish mysticism as presented by Gershom Scholem. As a sociological and cultural critic, Benjamin combined ideas of historical materialism, German idealism, … - Kent Bach
Kent Bach is a Professor of Philosophy at San Francisco State University. His primary areas of research include the philosophy of language, linguistics and epistemology. He is the author of three books: "Exit-existentialism: A philosophy of self-awareness", "Linguistic Communication and Speech Acts", and "Thought and Reference" published by Wadsworth, the MIT Press, and Oxford University Press, respectively. - Willard van Orman Quine
Willard Van Orman Quine (June 25, 1908 - December 25, 2000), usually cited as W.V. Quine or W.V.O. Quine was one of the most influential philosophers and logicians of the 20th century. - Brian Weatherson
Brian Weatherson is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Cornell's Sage School of Philosophy. As of January 2008 he will move to Rutgers University. Australian born, he received his PhD from Monash University in 1998, with a dissertation on formal models for reasoning under uncertainty, titled "On Uncertainty." He has held previous appointments at Syracuse and Brown. His areas of expertise are Epistemology, Metaphysics, Philosophy of Language, and Decision Theory. - Alfred Tarski
Alfred Tarski (January 14, 1902, Warsaw, Russian-ruled Poland – October 26, 1983, Berkeley, California) was a logician and mathematician who spent four decades as a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley. A member of the interwar Warsaw School of Mathematics, and active in the USA after 1939, he wrote on topology, geometry, measure theory, mathematical logic, set theory, metamathematics, and above all, model theory, abstract algebra, … - Michael Devitt
Michael Devitt is an Australian philosopher currently teaching at the City University of New York in New York City. His primary interests include philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, metaphysics and epistemology. His current work involves the philosophy of linguistics, foundational issues in semantics, the semantics of definite descriptions and demonstratives, semantic externalism, and scientific realism. He is a noted proponent of the Causal theory of reference. - Crispin Wright
Crispin Wright (born 1942) is a British philosopher, who has written on neo-Fregean philosophy of mathematics, Wittgenstein's later philosophy, and on issues related to truth, realism, cognitivism, skepticism, knowledge, and objectivity. He is Professor of Logic and Metaphysics at the University of St. Andrews, and regular visiting professor at New York University (NYU). He has also taught at the University of Michigan, Oxford University, Columbia University, … - Charles W. Morris
Charles W. Morris (May 23, 1901 or 1903, Denver, Colorado-January 15, 1979, Gainesville, Florida) was an American semiotician and philosopher. - Duns Scotus
Blessed John Duns Scotus (c. 1266 - November 8, 1308) was a theologian, philosopher, and logician. Some argue that during his tenure at Oxford, the systematic examination of what differentiates theology from philosophy and science began in earnest. He was one of the most influential theologians and philosophers of the High Middle Ages, nicknamed "Doctor Subtilis" for his penetrating manner of thought. - Stephen Neale
Stephen Roy Albert Neale is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy and Kornblith Family Chair in Philosophy of Science and Value at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY). Neale is a specialist in the philosophy of language who has written extensively about meaning and interpretation. He also writes about the history of analytic philosophy and is one of the world’s leading authorities on Bertrand Russell’s Theory of Descriptions, … - John Perry
John R. Perry (b. 1943) is Henry Waldgrave Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Stanford University. He has made significant contributions to areas of philosophy, including logic, philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophy of mind. He is known primarily for his work on situation semantics (together with Jon Barwise), reflexivity, indexicality, and self-knowledge. - Scott Soames
Scott Soames (born 1946) is a professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California. He specializes in the philosophy of language and the history of analytic philosophy. He is well known for defending and expanding on the program in the philosophy of language started by Saul Kripke as well as being a major critic of two-dimensionalist theories of meaning. - Max Black
Max Black (24 February 1909, Baku, Russian Empire [present-day Azerbaijan] – 27 August 1988, Ithaca, New York, United States) was a distinguished Anglo-American philosopher, who was a leading influence in analytic philosophy in the first half of the twentieth century. He made contributions to the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mathematics and science, and the philosophy of art, also publishing studies of the work of philosophers such as Frege. - David Kaplan
David Benjamin Kaplan (born 1933) is an American philosopher and logician teaching at UCLA. His philosophical work focuses on logic, philosophical logic, modality, philosophy of language, metaphysics, and epistemology. He is best known for his work on demonstratives, on propositions, and on reference in intensional contexts. Kaplan received his Ph.D. in philosophy from UCLA in 1964, where he was the last graduate student mentored by Rudolf Carnap. - Kit Fine
Kit Fine (born March 26, 1946) is Silver Professor of Philosophy at New York University. He previously taught for several years at UCLA. The author of several books and dozens of articles in international academic journals, he has made notable contributions to the fields of philosophical logic, metaphysics, and the philosophy of language and also has written on ancient philosophy, in particular on Aristotle's account of logic and modality. - Richard Montague
Richard Merett Montague was an American mathematician and philosopher. - Nathan Salmon
Nathan U. Salmon is an American philosopher in the analytic tradition, specializing in philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophy of logic. - Colin McGinn
Colin McGinn (born 1950) is a British philosopher currently working at the University of Miami. McGinn has also held major teaching positions at Oxford University and Rutgers University. McGinn is best known for his work in the philosophy of mind, though he has written on topics across the breadth of modern philosophy. - Jonathan Bennett
Jonathan F. Bennett (born 1930, New Zealand) is a British philosopher of language and metaphysics, and a historian of early modern philosophy. Among many other accomplishments, his 1966 book "Kant's Analytic", along with P. F. Strawson's "The Bounds of Sense", reinvigorated Kant studies. In his retirement, he maintains a website devoted to making the texts of early modern philosophers more accessible to today's students. - Gareth Evans
Gareth Evans (12 May 1946 - 10 August 1980) was a British philosopher at Oxford University during the 1970s.
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