Ronald Dworkin, QC, FBA (born 1931) is an American legal philosopher, and currently professor of Jurisprudence at University College London and the New York University School of Law. He is known for his contributions to legal philosophy and political philosophy. His theory of "law as integrity" is one of the leading contemporary views of the nature of law.

Carl Schmitt (July 11 1888 - April 7 1985) was a German jurist, political theorist, and professor of law. Schmitt was born the son of a small businessman in Plettenberg, Westphalia on July 11 1888; he studied political science and law in Berlin, Munich and Strasbourg and took his graduation and state exams in the then-German Strasbourg in 1915. He became professor at the University of Berlin in 1933, the same year that he entered the Nazi party (NSDAP).

Thomas Hobbes (5 April 1588 - 4 December 1679) was an English philosopher, whose famous 1651 book "Leviathan" established the agenda for nearly all subsequent Western political philosophy. Although Hobbes is today best remembered for his work on political philosophy, he contributed to a diverse array of fields, including history, geometry, theology, ethics, general philosophy, and what would now be called political science.

Jeremy Bentham - June 6, 1832) was an English jurist, philosopher, and legal and social reformer. He was a political radical and a leading theorist in Anglo-American philosophy of law. He is best known as an early advocate of utilitarianism and animal rights who influenced the development of liberalism. Bentham was one of the most influential utilitarians, partially through his writings but particularly through his students all around the world.

Hans Kelsen (October 11, 1881 - April 19, 1973) was an Austrian-American jurist.

Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher from Königsberg in East Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia). He is regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of modern Europe and the last major philosopher of the Enlightenment.

Joseph Raz (born 1939) is an influential legal, moral and political philosopher. He is one of the most prominent living advocates of legal positivism. He has spent most of his career as Professor of Philosophy of Law and a Fellow of Balliol College at Oxford University, and simultaneously as Professor of Law at Columbia University Law School. Several of Raz's students have become important legal and moral philosophers.

John Austin (1790 - 1859) was a noted British jurist and wrote extensively in the philosophy of law and jurisprudence. Austin served in the army in Sicily and Malta, but sold his commission to study law. He was called to the Bar in 1818. He discontinued his practice shortly after, devoted himself to the study of law as a science, and became Professor of Jurisprudence in the University of London (now University College London) 1826-32.

H. L. A. Hart (Herbert Lionel Adolphus Hart) (1907-1992) is widely regarded as the most important English-speaking legal philosopher of the twentieth century. He is the author of "The Concept of Law" and was Professor of Jurisprudence at Oxford University. Hart developed a sophisticated theory of legal positivism within the framework of analytic philosophy. Hart also made major contributions to political philosophy.

John Finnis (born 1940), an Australian Professor of Law at University College, Oxford and the University of Notre Dame.

Hugo Grotius (Huig de Groot, or Hugo de Groot; Delft, 10 April 1583 - Rostock, 28 August 1645) worked as a jurist in the Dutch Republic and laid the foundations for international law, based on natural law. He was also a philosopher, Christian apologist, playwright, and poet.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (August 27, 1770 - November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher born in Stuttgart, in the region of Württemberg in southwestern Germany. Together with Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, Hegel is considered one of the representatives of German idealism. Hegel influenced writers of widely varying positions, including both his admirers (Bauer, Marx, Bradley, Sartre, Küng), and his detractors (Schelling, Kierkegaard, …

Robert P. George is McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence at Princeton University, where he teaches courses on constitutional interpretation, civil liberties and philosophy of law. He also serves as the director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions. He was educated at Swarthmore College (BA), Harvard Law School (JD), Harvard Divinity School (MTS), and New College, Oxford (DPhil). At Oxford he studied under John Finnis and Joseph Raz.

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (March 8, 1841 - March 6, 1935) was an American jurist who served on the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932. Noted for his long service, his concise and pithy opinions, and his deference to the decisions of elected legislatures, he is one of the most widely-cited United States Supreme Court justices in history, particularly for his "clear and present danger" majority opinion in the 1919 case of "Schenck v. United States", …

Duncan Kennedy (b. 1942 in Washington D.C.) is the Carter Professor of General Jurisprudence at Harvard Law School. Kennedy received an A.B. from Harvard College in 1964 and then worked for two years in the CIA operation that controlled the National Student Association. In 1966 he rejected his "cold war liberalism." He quit the CIA and in 1970 earned an LL.B. from Yale Law School. After completing a clerkship with Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart, …

Chaïm Perelman, a Polish-born philosopher of law, who studied, taught, and lived most of his life in Brussels. He was among the most important argumentation theorists of the twentieth century. His chief work is the "Traité de l'argumentation - la nouvelle rhétorique" (1958), with Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca, which was translated into English as "The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation", by John Wilkinson and Purcell Weaver (1969).

Aristotle was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on diverse subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry (including theater), biology and zoology, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, and ethics. Along with Socrates and Plato, Aristotle was one of the most influential of the ancient Greek philosophers. They transformed Presocratic Greek philosophy into the foundations of Western philosophy as we know it.

Roberto Unger, Harvard Law School's only Latino faculty member, is a Brazilian contemporary social theorist and law professor at Harvard Law School. He is one of the founders of the Critical Legal Studies movement. Unger has long been active in Brazilian and Latin American politics, as a candidate, political activist, and as an advisor to world leaders. He recently published "The Self Awakened: Pragmatism Unbound" (Harvard, 2007).

Lon Luvois Fuller (1902-1978) was a noted legal philosopher, who wrote "The Morality of Law" in 1964, discussing the connection between law and morality. Fuller was professor of Law at Harvard University for many years, and is probably more important in American law for his contributions to the law of contracts. His debate with H.L.A. Hart in the Harvard Law Review (Vol.

Felix Kaufmann (4 July 1895, Vienna - 23 December 1949, New York) was an Austrian-American philosopher of law. He studied jurisprudence and philosopher in Vienna. From 1922 to 1938 he was a Privatdozent there. During this time Kaufmann was associated with the Vienna Circle. He also wrote on the foundations of mathematics where, along with Hermann Weyl and Oskar Becker, he was attempting to apply the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl to constructive mathematics.

Plato (428/427 BC – 348/347 BC), whose original name was Aristocles, was an ancient Greek philosopher, the second of the great trio of ancient Greeks -succeeding Socrates and preceding Aristotle- who between them laid the philosophical foundations of Western culture. Plato was also a mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the western world.

Hans Köchler (born October 18 1948 in Schwaz, Tyrol, Austria) is Full Professor of Philosophy and Chairman of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. In his general philosophical outlook he is influenced by Husserl and Heidegger, his legal thinking has been shaped by the approach of Kelsen.

Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld (1879-1918) was an American jurist. He was the author of the seminal "Fundamental Legal Conceptions, As Applied in Judicial Reasoning and Other Legal Essays", published in 1919. During his life, he published only a handful of law journal articles.

A. M. (Tony) Honoré (1921) is a British lawyer and jurist, known for his work on ownership, causation and Roman law. Honoré was born in London but was brought up in South Africa. He served in the army during the Second World War and was severely wounded in the Battle of Alamein. After the war he continued his studies at the University of Oxford, where he has lived and taught for the last fifty-five years.

Herman Oliphant was a professor of law at the University of Chicago, Columbia University, and Johns Hopkins University. He is generally regarded as a representative of American legal realism and is famous for his statement that the principle of "stare decisis" is no longer applicable. Although the approach could be implemented in a time when society was relatively simply structured, in the present age it should be abandoned.

Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu, more commonly known as Montesquieu, was a French social commentator and political thinker who lived during the Enlightenment. He is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation of powers, taken for granted in modern discussions of government and implemented in many constitutions throughout the world.

Carl Joachim Friedrich) was a German-American professor political theorist. His writings on Law and Constitutionalism made him one the world's leading political scientists in the post-World War II period. He is one of the most influential scholars of Totalitarianism.

Theodor Hermann Sternberg was a German law philosopher. He taught mainly at Japanese University. He was an instructor at Tokyo University (1913-1918) as well as Meiji University (?-?), etc. He was a consultant of The "Shihōshō" (司法省; now abolished, close to present time The Ministry of Justice (Japan)) on 1918, and 1922-1925.

Julius Binder (May 12, 1870 - August 28, 1939) was a German law philosopher.