- Francisco Franco
General Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892-20 November 1975), commonly abbreviated to Francisco Franco or Francisco Franco Bahamonde, and also known as "Caudillo" or "Generalísimo", was the leader and later formal head of state of Spain from October 1936, and of all of Spain from 1939 until his death in 1975. Franco led a successful military career and reached the rank of General. - Maurice Thorez
Maurice Thorez was a French politician and longtime leader of the French Communist Party (PCF) from 1930 until his death. He also served as vice premier of France from 1946 to 1947. Thorez, born in Noyelles-Godauld, France, became a coal miner at the age of 12. He joined the French Socialist Party in 1919, but soon after, joined the Communist Party and was imprisoned several times for political activism. In 1923 he became party secretary and, in 1930, … - Emilio Mola
Emilio Mola Vidal (June 9, 1887 - June 3, 1937) Spanish, a commander of Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). He is best-known for coining the phrase "fifth column." Mola was born in Cuba, at that time a Spanish colony, where his father, an army officer, was stationed. He enrolled at the Infantry Academy of Toledo in 1907. He served in Spain's colonial war in Morocco where he received the Medalla Militar Individual, … - Juan Negrín
Juan Negrín López was a Spanish politician and physician. Born in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, he became a university professor of physiology, and was named Minister of Finance in September 1936 in the government of Francisco Largo Caballero. In May 1937, Manuel Azaña (after Largo Caballero was dismissed) named Negrín President of the Government, with the hope of fortifying the central power front against largely independent armed labor unions and Anarchists, … - Federica Montseny
Federica Montseny i Mañé was a Spanish anarchist, intellectual and Minister of Health during the social revolution that occurred in Spain parallel to the Civil War. She is also known as a poet, novelist, essayist, and children's writer. Federica Montseny was, in her own words, the "[d]aughter of a family of old anarchists"; her father was the anti-authoritarian writer and propagandist Joan Montseny (Federico Urales); her mother, Soledad Gustavo, … - Jacques Duclos
Jacques Duclos (October 2, 1896 in Louey, Hautes-Pyrénées-April 25, 1975 in Montreuil) was a French Communist politician who played a key role in French politics from 1926, when he entered the French National Assembly after defeating Paul Reynaud, until 1969, when he achieved a substantial proportion of the vote in the Presidential Elections. During World War I, Duclos fought in the Battle of Verdun, where he was wounded. - José Calvo Sotelo
José Calvo Sotelo was a Spanish political figure prior to and during the Second Spanish Republic. His murder by a commando unit of the Assault Guards, a special police corps created to deal with urban violence, just the day after a harsh confrontation in Parliament, aroused suspicions of a government involvement in the crime and helped precipitate the Spanish Civil War. - Pierre Cot
Pierre Cot, French politician, was a leading figure in the Popular Front government of the 1930s. Born in Grenoble into a conservative Catholic family, he entered politics as an admirer of the World War I conservative leader Raymond Poincaré, but moved steadily to the left over the course of his career. In the 1920s Cot was a supporter of Aristide Briand, an independent socialist. In 1928 he was elected to the National Assembly as a Radical Deputy for Savoy. - Pierre Frank
Pierre Frank was a French Trotskyist leader. He served on the secretariat of the Fourth International from 1948 to 1979. Educated as a chemical engineer, Frank was one of the first French Trotskyists, working with surrealist Pierre Naville and the syndicalist Alfred Rosmer. In 1930, he joined Trotsky on the island of Prinkipo to work as a member of the secretariat that prepared the first conference of the International Left Opposition. - Camillo Berneri
Camillo Berneri (also known as Camillo da Lodi; 1877, Lodi-May 5 1937, Barcelona) was an Italian professor of philosophy, anarchist militant, propagandist and theorist. Berneri, a World War I veteran, University of Florence professor of humanities, and a member of the Unione Anarchica Italiana, had been opposed to the takeover of his country by Fascists, engaging in resistance until 1926, when he was forced to take refuge to France, then Switzerland, … - Yvon Delbos
Yvon Delbos was a French radical party politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Popular Front governments of Léon Blum and Camille Chautemps. Delbos was born in Dordogne, Aquitaine. During the Spanish Civil War, he worked alongside his British counterpart Anthony Eden in fleshing out the policy of non-intervention. - Santiago Casares Quiroga
Santiago Casares Quiroga was a Galician politician who was Prime Minister of Spain from May 13 to July 19 1936. Born in A Coruña, Casares Quiroga was Prime Minister when a military rebellion sparkled the Spanish Civil War. - Oliver Law
Oliver Law (1899-July 9, 1937) was an African American communist, labor organizer, and social activist, who fought in the Abraham Lincoln Brigade in the Spanish Civil War. - Gonzalo Queipo de Llano
Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra was a Spanish Army Officer who fought for the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War. He was born in Tordesillas, Spain. Educated at a seminary, he ran away and enlisted in the Spanish Army as a gunner. He later entered the Royal Cavalry Academy of Valladolid as a cadet, fought in Cuba (during the Spanish-American War) and then in the Rif War as a cavalry officer. Queipo de Llano attained the rank of brigadier general in 1923. - Léon Jouhaux
Léon Jouhaux was a French trade union leader who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1951. Jouhaux's father worked in a match factory in Aubervilliers. His secondary schooling ended when his father's earnings were stopped by a strike. He gained employment at the factory at age sixteen and immediately became an important part of the union. In 1900, Jouhaux joined a strike against the use of the white phosphorus that blinded his father, was dismissed, … - Juan García Oliver
Juan García Oliver (1901, Reus, Tarragona Province-1980) was a Spanish Anarcho-syndicalist revolutionary, and a leading figure of Anarchism in Spain. During the General Strike of 1917, García Oliver arrived in Barcelona and got involved in trade union activities. Along with Buenaventura Durruti and Francisco Ascaso, he founded "Los Solidarios", an Anarchist group responsible for various assassinations, including an attempt on King Alfonso XIII's life. - Marcel Bucard
Marcel Bucard (December 7 1895, Saint-Clair-sur-Epte-March 13 1946, Fort of Châtillon) was a French Fascist politician. A soldier in World War I, Bucard became active in politics after 1918, initially as a member of "Action Française" (an Integralist royalist far right group) and then as a member of the overtly fascist and antisemitic "Faisceau" of Georges Valois. In September 1933, Bucard founded his own group, … - Isgandar Hamidov
İsgəndər Məcid oğlu Həmidov (also transliterated as "Iskender Majid oglu Hamidov" or "Iskander Medjid oglu Hamidov") (born April 10, 1948 in Bagli Peya village, Kalbajar rayon) is a former Minister of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan who served in the Popular Front government of 1992-1993. A member of the Grey Wolves, Hamidov plead for the creation of a Greater Turkey which would include northern Iran and extend itself to Siberia, India and China. - Gerda Taro
Gerda Taro (real name Gerda Pohorylles; 1911 - Spain 1937) was a German war photographer of Polish origins, and close friend, partner, companion and the great love of Robert Capa, also one of the iconographers of the Spanish Civil War. A left-wing militant, Gerda Taro left Stuttgart for Paris in 1934, where she met Robert Capa. They worked together to cover the events surrounding the arrival to power of the Popular Front in the 30s in France. - Eduardo López Ochoa
Eduardo López Ochoa y Portuondo was a Spanish general, Africanist, and prominent freemason. He was known for most of his life as a traditional Republican, and conspired against the government of Miguel Primo de Rivera. At the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931, Ochoa was designated "capitán general" of Catalonia by Francesc Macià. He led troops to crush the insurrection in Asturias in October of 1934, … - Léo Lagrange
Léo Lagrange was a French Socialist Under-Secretary of State for Sports and for the Organisation of Leisures during the Popular Front (1936-1938). A member of the "Éclaireurs de France" scouting association during his youth, he joined the SFIO socialist party after the scission of the Tours congress in 1920 and wrote articles in the "Populaire" (Popular), the press organ of the SFIO. - George Strauss
George Russell Strauss, Baron Strauss PC (18 July 1901 - 5 June 1993) was a long-serving British Labour Party politician, who was a Member of Parliament (MP) for 47 years and was Father of the House of Commons from 1974 to 1979. Strauss was educated at Rugby School. He became a metal merchant and a leading member of the London County Council, on which his wife also served. Strauss' first parliamentary contest was in Lambeth North in 1924, … - Grandizo Munis
Grandizo Munis was a Spanish politician. Grandizo first entered revolutionary politics as a member of the Izquierda Comunista de España (ICE) or Left Communists of Spain. This group was led by Andrés Nin and was in sympathy with the views of Leon Trotsky and therefore affiliated to the International Communist League. Trotsky was opposed to the name of the group which he argued was imprecise and badly expressed the program of the Bolshevik-Leninists. - Vernon Bartlett
Charles Vernon Oldfield Bartlett CBE (30 April 1894, Westbury, Wiltshire - January 18, 1983) was an English journalist and politician. After education at Blundell's School Bartlett was invalided out of the Army in World War I. As a journalist he worked for the "Daily Mail", and was a foreign correspondent for "The Times". In 1922 he was appointed director of the London office of the League of Nations. - William Mellor
William Mellor (1888-1942) was a left-wing British journalist. Mellor joined the Daily Herald in 1913 as a journalist and was imprisoned during the first World War as a conscientious objector, returning to the "Herald" on his release. A Guild Socialist during the 1910s, he was in 1920 a founder-member of the Communist Party of Great Britain but resigned in 1924. He became editor of the "Herald" in 1926, … - Stewart Smith
Stewart Smith was a long-time leading member of the Communist Party of Canada. He also served on Toronto City Council for a period in the 1940s. Smith was the son of Reverend A. E. Smith, a social gospel minister who became a leading figure in the Communist Party. Stewart Smith was one of the leaders of the Stalinist faction, led by Tim Buck, that took over the party in 1929. - Louis de Cazenave
Louis de Cazenave (born October 16, 1897 in Saint-Georges-d'Aurac) is, as of November 10, 2006, the oldest France poilus still alive. Mobilized at the end of 1916, he found himself on the colonial infantry front in the 5th battalion of Senegalese riflemen, and he took part in the battle of Chemin des Dames. After the war, he became a railwayman and a convinced pacifist; later on, he participated in the demonstrations of the Popular Front in 1936. - Julian T. Jackson
Julian T. Jackson is a prominent British Historian. He is a Fellow of the British Academy and of the Royal Historical Society. Professor of history at Queen Mary College, London Julian Jackson is one of the leading authorities on twentieth century France. He was educated at Cambridge University where he obtained his doctorate in 1982, having been supervised by Professor Christopher Andrew. After many years spent at the University of Wales, Swansea, … - William Dodd
William E. Dodd, Jr. was the son of William Dodd, United States Ambassador to Germany 1933-1937, and brother of Martha Dodd. He was also a member of the Popular Front and, allegedly, a Soviet spy. In 1938, the KGB contributed $1000 towards Dodd's unsuccessful attempt to win a U.S. Congressional seat as a Democratic party candidate. During World War II Dodd worked for a time in the Office of War Information. - Jean-Pierre Timbaud
Jean-Pierre Timbaud was the secretary of the steelworkers’ trade union section of the Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT). He took part in the strikes which preceded the Popular Front. During the Second World War, he joined the Resistance and organized clandestine trade union committees. Jean-Pierre Timbaud was executed by the Germans on October 22, 1941, along with 26 other Communist hostages detained in Châteaubriant, … - Fidel Dávila Arrondo
Fidel Dávila Arrondo was a Spanish Army officer during the Spanish Civil War. An Infantry officer, he fought in Cuba during the Spanish-American War and received the Cruz del Mérito Militar. He later entered the General Staff of the Army. He was then promoted to lieutenant colonel and assigned to Spanish Morocco. In 1929 he was promoted to brigadier general and was assigned to the VII Military district. During the military reforms of Prime Minister Manuel Azaña, … - A. A. MacLeod
Albert Alexander MacLeod, widely known as A.A. MacLeod and familiarly as "Alex", was a prominent member of the Communist Party of Canada and its front group the Labour Progressive Party. In the mid-1930s, he was leader of the "Canadian League Against War and Fascism", a popular front group founded by the party. The league recruited members for the Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion, … - Nils Flyg
Nils Flyg was a Swedish Communist politician who turned pro-Nazi during World War II. Nils Flyg was born and raised in Södermalm, a working-class area of Stockholm. Early on he joined the Swedish Social Democratic Party’s youth organization. In 1917 Flyg took part in the founding of a new leftist party, a group headed by Zeth Höglund and Karl Kilbom, which would soon become the Communist Party of Sweden. Flyg became an important leader of the Communist Party, … - Safarali Kenjayev
Safarali Kenjayev (died on 30 March 1999) served as the Speaker of the Supreme Soviet in Tajikistan, Chairman of the Tajik Parliament's committee on human rights and legislation, and as head of Tajikistan's Socialist Party which he founded. Kenjayev was a member of the Yaghnobi community. In May 1992 protestors demonstrated outside the legislature building in Dushanbe, calling for Kenjayev's dismissal because of his alleged corruption and mismanagement. - William Aalto
William Aalto was born in the United States. He was a member of the communist party, and he joined the Abraham Lincoln Battalion, which was a unit that volunteered to fight during the Spanish Civil War for the Popular Front. He arrived in Spain in 1937, where he joined the other International Brigades at Albacete. - Tom Horabin
Thomas Lewis Horabin (1896 - 26 April 1956) was a British Liberal politician who defected to the Labour Party. Horabin was educated at Cardiff High School and became a civil servant and later a business consultant. Following the death of Liberal Member of Parliament, Sir Francis Acland in 1939, Horabin was selected by North Cornwall Liberals to defend the marginal seat at the following by-election. Along with his party leader, Sir Archibald Sinclair, … - Belarmino Tomás
Belarmino Tomás Álvarez was an Asturian (Spanish) trade unionist and socialist politician. A secretary of the "Sindicatu Mineru Asturianu" (the local coal miners' branch of the Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT), and a delegate to the International Miners' Federation. - Wilfrid Roberts
Wilfrid Hubert Wace Roberts (28 August 1900 - 26 May 1991) was a British Liberal Party politician who later joined the Labour Party. Roberts was born to Alderman Charles Roberts, chairman of Cumberland County Council, and Lady Cecilia Roberts, daughter of the 9th Earl of Carlisle. He was educated at Gresham's School, Holt, Norfolk, and Balliol College, Oxford and became a farmer and a district councillor. He first stood, without success, for North Cumberland in 1931, … - Bill Dorman
- Tim Buggy
15 years experience with integrated marketing and advertising programs at Minneapolis advertising agencies (Miller Meester, Cambell Mithun, Carmeichael Lynch, Olson, and BBDO). Also spent three years developing a residential real estate practice with my wife Kathy (licensed for 10 years). The Buggy Group is affiliated with Coldewell Banker Burnet.
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