- Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was the third President of the United States (1801–1809), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of Republicanism in the United States. Major events during his presidency include the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806). - Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin (April 17 1790) was one of the most critical Founding Fathers of the United States. He was a leading author, political theorist, politician, printer, scientist, inventor, civic activist, environmentalist, and diplomat. As a scientist he was a major figure in the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. As a political writer and activist he, more than anyone, invented the idea of an American nation, … - John Adams
John Adams was a politician and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. He served both as that nation's first Vice President (1789–1797), and as its second President (1797-1801). He was defeated for re-election in the "Revolution of 1800" by Thomas Jefferson. Adams was a sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and a diplomat in the 1770s. He was a driving force for independence in 1776; in fact, … - Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine (Thetford, England, 29 January 1737 - 8 June 1809, New York City, USA) was a pamphleteer, revolutionary, radical, and intellectual. Born in Great Britain, he lived in America, having migrated to the American colonies just in time to take part in the American Revolution, mainly as the author of the powerful, widely read pamphlet, "Common Sense" (1776), advocating independence for the American Colonies from the Kingdom of Great Britain. - Paul Revere
Paul Revere (bap. December 22, 1734 (OS) / January 1 1735 (NS) - May 10, 1818) was an American silversmith and a patriot in the American Revolution. Because he was immortalized after his death for his role as a messenger in the battles of Lexington and Concord, Revere's name and his "midnight ride" are well-known in the United States as a patriotic symbol. In his lifetime, Revere was a prosperous and prominent Boston craftsman, … - Patrick Henry
Patrick Henry (May 29, 1736 - June 6, 1799) was a prominent figure in the American Revolution, known and remembered primarily for his "Give me liberty or give me death" speech. Along with Samuel Adams and Thomas Paine, he was one of the most influential (and radical) advocates of the American Revolution and republicanism, especially in his denunciations of corruption in government officials and his defense of historic rights. - Benedict Arnold
Benedict Arnold V was a successful Connecticut merchant who fought for American independence from the British Empire as a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. In the United States, Arnold is best known for his betrayal of the rebel cause by plotting to surrender the American fort at West Point, New York to the British during the American Revolution. - Benedict Arnold
Benedict Arnold (21 December 1615-19 June 1678) was governor of Rhode Island. He was governor during 1663-66, 1669-72, and 1677-78. He was born in England and in later life lived in Newport, Rhode Island. Among many other achievements, he oversaw construction of Newport Tower (Rhode Island). His father was William Arnold, and his great-grandson was the notorious American Revolution General Benedict Arnold. - Samuel Adams
Samuel Adams was an American statesman, politician, writer and political philosopher, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Adams was instrumental in garnering the support of the colonies for rebellion against Great Britain, eventually resulting in the American Revolution, and was also one of the key architects of the principles of American republicanism that shaped American political culture. - William Henry
William Henry was an American gunsmith from Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and a delegate for Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress in 1784, 1785, and 1786. Prior to his service in the Continental Congress, Henry was a gunsmith and provided rifles to the British during the French and Indian War and later the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Over a thirty-year period, Henry's gun factory in Lancaster not only supplied arms to Pennsylvanian and, later, … - John Locke
John Locke was an English philosopher. Locke is considered the first of the British Empiricists, but is equally important to social contract theory. His ideas had enormous influence on the development of epistemology and political philosophy, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers and contributors to liberal theory. His writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, … - John Jay
John Jay was an American politician, statesman, revolutionary, diplomat, and jurist. Considered one of the "founding fathers" of the United States, Jay served in the Continental Congress, and was elected President of that body in 1778. During and after the American Revolution, he was a minister (ambassador) to Spain and France, helping to fashion American foreign policy and to secure favorable peace terms from the British and French. - John Marshall
John Marshall was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England on February 15, 1748. Having been bound apprentice at the age of ten he spent his life at sea. In 1788 he captained the "Scarborough", a ship of the First Fleet taking convicts from England to Botany Bay. He then sailed from Australia to China, charting previously unknown islands, as well as a new trade route to Canton (now Guangzhou). - Maj. John Marshall
Maj. John Marshall (1726-1800), a veteran of the American Revolution. John was born in 1726 in Charles Co., Maryland. He was the son of William Marshall III (1690-1724) and Rebecca (Bishop) Batie (1693-1750). He inherited a portion of his fathers estate “Pequasco”, located in Charles County along with his older brother, William Marshall IV (1720-1793). John served as a Major during the American Revolution. - Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke (January 12, 1729 - July 9, 1797) was an Irish statesman, author, orator, political theorist, and philosopher, who served for many years in the British House of Commons as a member of the Whig party. He is mainly remembered for his support of the American colonies in the dispute with King George III and Great Britain that led to the American Revolution and for his strong opposition to the French Revolution. - John Paul Jones
John Paul Jones (July 6, 1747-July 18, 1792) was America's first well-known naval hero in the American Revolutionary War. John Paul Jones was born John Paul in 1747, on the estate of Arbigland in the Stewarty of Kirkcudbright on the southern coast of Scotland. John Paul's father was a gardener at Arbigland, and his mother was a member of Clan MacDuff. - Henry Lee
Henry Lee III, called "Light Horse Harry", (January 29 1756 - March 25 1818) was a cavalry officer in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. He was the Governor of Virginia and a U.S. Congressman, as well as the father of American Civil War general Robert E. Lee. - Martin van Buren
Martin Van Buren (December 5 1782 - July 24 1862), nicknamed "Old Kinderhook", was the eighth President of the United States from 1837 to 1841. Before his presidency he served as the eighth Vice President (1833-1837) and the 10th Secretary of State under Andrew Jackson. He was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president who was not of English, Irish, Welsh, or Scottish descent. - John Dickinson
John Dickinson (November 2 1732 - February 14 1808) was an American lawyer and politician from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Wilmington, Delaware. He was a milita officer during the American Revolution, a Continental Congressman from Pennsylvania and Delaware, a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787, President of Delaware, and President of Pennsylvania. Among the wealthiest men in the British American colonies, … - James Otis
James Otis, Jr. (February 5, 1725 - May 23, 1783) was a lawyer in colonial Massachusetts who was an early advocate of the political views that led to the American Revolution. The phrase "Taxation without Representation is Tyranny" is usually attributed to him. He was born at Sterling Park to James Otis, Sr. and Mary Allyne, the second of thirteen children and the first to survive infancy. His younger sister Mercy Otis Warren, his brother Joseph Otis, … - William Smith
The Rev. Dr. William Smith (1728-1803) was the first president of the University of Pennsylvania. He was born at Aberdeen, Scotland, to Thomas and Elizabeth (Duncan) Smith. He attended the University of Aberdeen. In 1753, Smith wrote a pamphlet outlining his thoughts about education. - William Smith
William Smith was a lawyer, historian, speaker, loyalist, and eventually Chief Justice of the Province of New York from 1763 to 1782 and Chief Justice of the Province of Quebec, later Lower Canada, from 1786 until his death. He was the son of Judge William Smith of New York and the brother of Joshua Hett Smith, the supposed “dupe” of Benedict Arnold and Major John André. - William Smith
William Smith was a judge of the Province of New York and the father of William Smith, Joshua Hett Smith, and Doctor Thomas Smith. In 1760, Smith was offered the position of chief justice of the province. Against the advice of friends and family, he turned down the offer. Smith's son, the younger William Smith, was then offered the position, which he accepted. The elder Smith's actions in this instance would prove popular with the Patriots in the American Revolution. - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (February 27, 1807 - March 24, 1882) was an American poet whose works include "Paul Revere's Ride", "A Psalm of Life", "The Song of Hiawatha" and "Evangeline". He also wrote the first American translation of Dante Alighieri's "Divine Comedy" and was one of the five members of the group known as the Fireside Poets. Longfellow was born and raised in the Portland, Maine area. - William Bradford
William Bradford (1719 - September 25, 1791) was a printer, soldier, and leader during the American Revolution from Philadelphia. He was born in New York City in 1719, and was the grandson of the printer William Bradford. He was apprenticed to (and later a partner of) his uncle Andrew Bradford in Philadelphia. This relationship ended in 1741. He visited England that year, returning in 1742 with equipment to open his own printing firm as well as a library. - Gordon S. Wood
Gordon S. Wood (born 1933) is Alva O. Way University Professor and Professor of History at Brown University and the recipient of the 1993 Pulitzer Prize for History for "The Radicalism of the American Revolution". His book "The Creation of the American Republic, 1776-1787" won a 1970 Bancroft Prize. Wood was born in Concord, Massachusetts and grew up in Worcester and Waltham. - Thomas Gage
Sir Thomas Gage (1719 - April 2, 1787) was a British general and commander in chief of the North American forces from 1763 to 1775 during the early days of the American Revolution. - John Williams
John Williams was an American leader from Caswell County, North Carolina during the American Revolution. Born in Hanover County, Virginia, he served in the North Carolina House of Commons (1778-1780) and state Senate (1782, 1793-1794). - David Brooks
David Brooks was an officer in the Continental Army in the American Revolution and a United States representative from New York. Brooks was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and attended the public schools there. In 1776, he entered the Continental Army as a lieutenant. He was captured at Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. He was a prisoner-of-war for over three years, finally being exchanged in January 1780. As a parolee, he was not allowed in combat again, … - William Lee
William Lee (1739-1795) was an American diplomat during the Revolutionary War. he was born at Stratford Hall Plantation in Westmoreland County, Virginia to Hon. Thomas Lee (1690-1750) and Hannah Harrison Ludwell (1701-1750). His brothers, all also active within the Continental Congress, were Arthur Lee (1740-1792), Francis Lightfoot Lee (1734-1797), and Richard Henry Lee (1732-1794). Lee married his cousin Hannah Philippa Ludwell on March 7, 1769. - Gilbert Stuart
Gilbert Charles Stuart (born Stewart) (December 3, 1755 - July 9, 1828) was an American painter. Born in Saunderstown, Rhode Island, he grew up in Newport and was tutored by Cosmo Alexander, a Scottish painter. Stuart moved to Scotland with Alexander in 1771 to finish his studies. His mentor died in Edinburgh the following year. Attempting briefly and without success to earn a living as a painter, he returned to Newport in 1773. - William Dawes
William Dawes, Jr. (April 5, 1745 - February 25, 1799) was one of the three men who alerted colonial minutemen of the approach of British army troops prior to the Battle of Lexington and Concord at the outset of the American Revolution. - Stephen Decatur
Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr was an American naval officer notable for his heroism in the Barbary Wars and in the War of 1812. He was the youngest man to reach the rank of captain in the history of the U.S. Navy, and the first American celebrated as a national military hero who had not played a role in the American Revolution. - John Parker
John Parker (1758 - 1836) Elder John Parker was an American settler and Predestinarian Baptist minister who immigrated to Texas before the Texas Revolution, and was killed during the Fort Parker massacre in 1836, along with several members of his family, and others of the "Parker clan". John Parker was born on September 6, 1758 in Baltimore County, Maryland. His family moved to Virginia while John was young, and in 1777, at age nineteen, … - William Allen
William Allen (August 5 1704 - September 6 1780) was a wealthy merchant, Chief Justice of the Province of Pennsylvania and mayor of Philadelphia. At the time of the American Revolution, Allen was one of the wealthiest and most powerful men in Philadelphia. A loyalist, Allen believed the best course of action for the colonies was to redress their grievances with Parliament through constitutional means, not through outright rebellion, … - Samuel Huntington
Samuel Huntington (July 3, 1731-January 5, 1796) was an American jurist, statesman, and revolutionary leader from Connecticut. He served as a delegate to the Continental Congress where he signed the Declaration of Independence, as Governor of Connecticut, and later as the first President of the United States in Congress Assembled, that is, the presiding officer of the Congress of the Confederation, … - Edmund Randolph
Edmund Jenings Randolph (August 10, 1753 - September 12, 1813) was an American attorney, Governor of Virginia, Secretary of State, and the first United States Attorney General. - David Ramsay
David Ramsay (April 2, 1749 - May 8, 1815) was an American physician and historian from Charleston, South Carolina. He served as a South Carolina delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782-1783 and again in 1785-1786. He was one of the first major historians of the American Revolution. The son of an Irish emigrant, he was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. - John Clark
John Clark (February 28, 1766 - October 12, 1832) was an American politician. Clark served in the Georgia House of Representatives prior to being elected to consecutive two-year terms as governor from 1820 to 1824. Clark also served in the Georgia Militia during the American Revolution and achieved the rank of Major General in 1796. Son of Revolutionary War hero Elijah Clarke, John Clark was born in Edgecombe County, North Carolina and moved to Wilkes County, … - John Ross
John Ross (Tain, County Ross, Scotland, 29 January 1726 - March 1800, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was a merchant during the American Revolution. He early relocated to Perth, Scotland, and entered into mercantile pursuits, but in 1763 he came to Philadelphia, where he became a shipping merchant. At the beginning of the conflicts with the mother country, he espoused the cause of the colonies, …
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