- Theodor Herzl
Benjamin Ze'ev (Theodor) Herzl) (May 2, 1860 - July 3, 1904) was an Austro-Hungarian Jewish journalist who founded modern political Zionism. Herzl was born in Budapest, Hungary, but his family moved to Vienna when Theodor was 18. There, he studied law, but he devoted himself almost exclusively to journalism and literature, working as a correspondent for the "Neue Freie Presse" in Paris, occasionally making special trips to London and Istanbul. - Archduke Franz Ferdinand Of Austria
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Este (December 18, 1863 - June 28, 1914) was an Archduke of Austria, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, and from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated the Austrian declaration of war. This caused countries in alliances with the Austria and Serbia respectively to declare war on each other, starting World War I. - Miklós Horthy
Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya was the Regent of Hungary during the interwar years and throughout most of World War II, serving from March 1, 1920 to October 15, 1944. He was originally an Admiral in the Austro-Hungarian Imperial Fleet, and after his regency, wrote of his experiences in his memoirs. Horthy was styled "His Serene Highness the Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary" ("Ő Főméltósága a Magyar Királyság Kormányzója"). - Hans Selye
Hans Hugo Bruno Selye CC (born Selye János, Vienna, January 26, 1907 - Montreal, October 16, 1982) was a Canadian endocrinologist of Austro-Hungarian origin. Selye's mother was Austrian; his father was Hungarian. He did much important theoretical work on the non-specific response of the organism to stress. While he did not recognize all of the many aspects of glucocorticoids, Selye was aware of their role in this response. - Ferdinand Porsche
Prof. Dr. h.c. Ferdinand Porsche was an Austrian automotive engineer. Porsche was born in Vratislavice nad Nisou, Bohemia, which is now part of the city of Liberec in the Czech Republic, known also as Maffersdorf in German. Porsche is best known for designing the original Volkswagen Beetle and for his contributions to advanced German tank designs: Tiger I, Tiger II and the Elefant. - Oskar Potiorek
Oskar Potiorek (20 November 1853 - 17 December 1933) was an Austrian general who served as the Austro-Hungarian governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1911 and 1914. Potiorek was a co-passenger in the car carrying Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Countess Sophie Chotek when they were assassinated in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, … - Ivan Franko
Ivan Yakovych Franko was a Ukrainian poet, writer, social and literary critic, journalist, economist, and political activist. He was a political radical, and a founder of the socialist movement in western Ukraine. In addition to his own literary work, he also translated the works of William Shakespeare, Lord Byron, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Dante, Victor Hugo, Adam Mickiewicz, Goethe and Schiller into the Ukrainian language. - István Bethlen
Count István Bethlen de Bethlen, was a Hungarian aristocrat and statesman and served as Prime Minister from 1921 to 1931. The scion of a noble Transylvanian family, Bethlen was elected to the Hungarian parliament as a Liberal in 1901. Later, he served as a representative of the new Hungarian government at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. In that year, the weak centrist Hungarian government collapsed, and was soon replaced by a communist Hungarian Soviet Republic, … - Iuliu Maniu
Iuliu Maniu (January 8, 1873-February 5, 1953) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian politician. A leader of the ethnic Romanian National Party of Transylvania and Banat before and after World War I, he served as Prime Minister of Romania for three terms during 1928-1933, and, with Ion Mihalache, co-founded the National Peasants' Party. - Leopold Graf Berchtold
Leopold Anton Johann Sigismund Josef Korsinus Ferdinand Graf Berchtold (in English: "Count Leopold Anthony John Sigismund Joseph Corsinus Ferdinand von Berchtold", in Hungarian: "Gróf Berchtold Lipót", in Czech: "Leopold hrabě Berchtold z Uherčic") (April 18,1863 - November 21,1942) was Austro-Hungarian foreign minister at the outbreak of the First World War. Berchtold was born on April 18, 1863. - André Kertész
André Kertész, was a Hungarian-born photographer distinguished by haunting composition in his photographs and by his early efforts in developing the photo essay. In his lifetime, however, his then-unorthodox camera angles, which hindered prose descriptions of his works, prevented his work from gaining wider recognition. His use of symbolism also became unfashionable later in his life. Kertész is now recognized as one of the seminal figures of photojournalism. - Karl Seitz
Karl Seitz (September 4, 1869 - February 3, 1950) was an Austrian politician and the first Federal President of Austria Karl Seitz was born in Vienna, then capital of the Austro-Hungarian empire, as the son of a struggling small-time coal trader. Following the premature death of his father in 1875, the family was thrown into abject poverty, and Seitz had to be sent off to an orphanage. - Albert Apponyi
Count Albert Apponyi de Nagyappony was a distinguished Hungarian nobleman and politician from an ancient noble family dating back to the 13th century. He was born on May 29, 1846, in Vienna, where his father, Count György Apponyi, was the resident Hungarian Chancellor at the time. Count Albert Apponyi became a member of the Hungarian Parliament in 1872 and remained a member of it, with one short exception, until 1918. - Hermann Oberth
Dr. Hermann Julius Oberth was an Austro-Hungarian-born, German and Romanian physicist, and, along with the Russian Konstantin Tsiolkovsky and the American Robert Goddard, one of the founding fathers of rocketry and astronautics. The three were never active collaborators: instead, their parallel achievements occurred independently of one another. - Adolph Zukor
Adolf Cukor (Adolph Zukor) (January 7, 1873-June 10, 1976) was the founder of Paramount Pictures, and one of the greatest film moguls of all time. He was born to a Jewish family in Ricse, Hungary, which was then a part of the Austro-Hungarian empire, and emigrated to America in 1889, at the age of 16. Like most immigrants, he began modestly. When he first landed in New York, he stayed with his family and worked in an upholstery shop. - Charles Seymour
Charles Seymour (January 1 1885 - August 11 1963) was an American historian and President of Yale University from 1937 to 1951. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut to Thomas Day Seymour. His grandparents Nathan Perkins Seymour was the great-great grandson of Yale President Thomas Clap, and Elizabeth Day was the niece of Yale President Jeremiah Day. He was awarded a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Cambridge in 1904, and a separate B.A. from Yale in 1908, … - Theodor Körner
Theodor Körner served as President of Austria between 1951 and 1957. He was born in Újszőny, a small suburb of Komorn (today Komárom in Hungary) as son of an officer of the Austro-Hungarian Army. Family legend has it that he was related to the poet of the same name, but that stories are not proven. Körner attended the military school in Mährisch-Weißkirchen (Hranice na Moravě) and then the military academy and became lieutenant in 1894. - Julius von Payer
Julius Johannes Ludovicus von Payer an Austro-Hungarian arctic explorer and an arctic landscape artist, was born September 2, 1841, in Schönau (Šanov) near Teplice, Bohemia (now Czech Republic). He died on August 19, 1915, in Veldes, Oberkrain (now Bled in Slovenia). Payer's father, Franz Anton Rudolf Payer, a retired officer, died when Julius was only fourteen. Payer attended k.k. cadet school in Lobzowa near Kraków (now Poland). - Brassaï
Brassaï (September 9, 1899 – July 8, 1984) was a Hungarian photographer, sculptor, and filmmaker who rose to fame in France. - Artur Phleps
Artur Martin Phleps (1881 - 1944) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian and German officer who held command offices in the Waffen-SS during World War II. An Austro-Hungarian Army officer in World War I, he served in the Romanian Army during the interwar period, before joining the military forces of Nazi Germany in 1941. - Franz Urban
Franz Urban was the driver of the car used to transport Austro-Hungarian archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophia von Chôtek through the city of Sarajevo on the day of the assassination in Sarajevo, June 28 1914. According to some sources, the driver of the archducal car was named Leopold Loyka. Franz was not told about the change of route after the first failed assassination attempt, and turned onto Franz Joseph street, where the assassin Gavrilo Princip was standing. - Rudolf Maister
Rudolf Maister-Vojanov (March 29, 1874 - July 26, 1934) was a Slovene colonel in the Austro-Hungarian army. In 1918, towards the end of World War I, he organized local volunteers and took control of the city of Maribor and the surrounding region of Lower Styria violently, thus securing it for the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. - Emil Jellinek
Emil Jellinek, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes (6 April 1853 - 1 January 1918) was a wealthy European entrepreneur who sat on the board of Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft ('DMG') between 1900 and 1909. He specified an engine designed there by Wilhelm Maybach for the first 'modern' car. Jellinek required naming the engine after his daughter, Mercedes Jellinek. The Mercedes 35hp model later contributed to the brand name developed in 1926, … - Karl Radek
Karl Berngardovich Radek was a Bolshevik and an international Communist leader. He was born in then Lemberg (now L'viv in Ukraine, then in Austro-Hungary), as Karol Sobelsohn, to a Jewish family. He took the name "Radek" from a favourite character in a book (perhaps "Syzyfowe prace" by Stefan Żeromski). A member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) since 1898, he participated in the 1905 Revolution in Warsaw. - Ante Trumbić
Ante Trumbić was an important Croatian politician in the early 20th century. He was one of the key politicians in the creation of a Yugoslav state. Trumbić was born in Split in the Austro-Hungarian crownland of Dalmatia and studied law at Zagreb, Vienna and Graz (with doctorate in 1890). He practised as a lawyer, and then, from 1905 as the city mayor of Split. Trumbić was in favor of moderate reforms in Austro-Hungarian Slavic provinces, … - Maximilian Njegovan
Maximilian Njegovan (October 31, 1858 Zagreb - July 1, 1930 Zagreb) was a Croatian admiral in the Austro-Hungarian Navy. After graduating from KuK Naval Academy in Rijeka he started his maritime career in Pula in 1877. Contreadmiral in 1911, Vice-admiral in 1913. He was named Commander in Chief of the Kriegsmarine and the fleet after the death of Grand Admiral Anton Haus in February of 1917. - Alexander Löhr
Alexander Löhr was an Austrian Air Force commander during the 1930s, and after the Anschluss a Luftwaffe commander during the Second World War. He was born in Turnu-Severin, Romania, and executed by firing squad in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, for his role of the commander of the Luftwaffe units involved in Bombing of Belgrade in 1941. - Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni
Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni (or Count "Kasimir Felix von Badeni", born Kazimierz Feliks hrabia Badeni; Surochów, Galicia, October 14, 1846 - July 9, 1909) was Minister-President of the Austrian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1895 until 1897. Many people in Austria, especially Emperor Franz Joseph, had placed great hope in Badeni's ability to solve some of the Empire's constitutional problems, but he disappointed them. - Stefan Banach
Stefan Banach was an eminent Polish mathematician and university professor. A self-taught mathematical prodigy, Banach was a founder of functional analysis and of the Lwów School of Mathematics. Among his most prominent achievements was a 1932 book, "Théorie des opérations linéaires" (Theory of Linear Operations), the first monograph on the general theory of linear-metric space. Notable mathematical concepts named after Banach include the Banach–Tarski paradox, … - Julius Epstein
Julius Epstein was a Austro-Hungarian Jewish pianist. He was a pupil at Agram of the choir-director Vatroslav Lichtenegger, and in Vienna of Johann Rufinatscha (composition) and Anton Halm (pianoforte). He made his début in 1852, and soon became one of the most popular pianists and teachers in Vienna. From 1867 to 1901, Epstein was a professor of piano at the Vienna Conservatorium, where Ignaz Brüll, Marcella Sembrich, and Gustav Mahler were among his pupils. - Viktor Dankl von Krasnik
Count Viktor Dankl von Krasnik, or simply Viktor Dankl (German language: "Viktor Graf Dankl von Krasnik") was a highly decorated career Austro-Hungarian officer that reached the pinnacle of his service during World War I, winning his country's highest military honor, the Commanders' Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, specifically for his actions at the battle of Krasnik in 1914. - Janko Vuković
Janko Vuković, sometimes spelt Janko Vukovich or von Vukovich, also known as Janko Vuković de Podkapelski or Janko Vuković-Podkapelski (Jezerane, September 27 1871 - November 1 1918) was a Croatian sailor who served in the Austro-Hungarian navy, rising to command of the fleet's flagship, the dreadnought "Viribus Unitis" by the end of the First World War. - Petar Bojović
Petar Bojović was a Serbian army field-marshal, and one of four Serbian vojvodas ("dukes") in Balkan Wars and World War I. He fought in Serbian-Ottoman Wars from 1876 to 1878 as a cadet of the Artillery school, as well as in wars that Serbia waged at the beginning of the XX century. In Balkan Wars, he was the Chief of Staff of the 1st Serbian army, which scored huge success in battles of Kumanovo, Bitola (First Balkan War) and Bregalnica (Second Balkan War). - Kazimierz Bartel
Kazimierz Bartel was a Polish mathematician and politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 1926 to 1930. He was born in Lemberg (Lwów, in Polish) March 3, 1882. After completing secondary school he studied at the Lwów Polytechnic in the Mechanical Engineering Department. He graduated in 1907 and soon became an assistant in Descriptive Geometry. By 1914 he was a professor at his alma mater. - Vatroslav Lisinski
Vatroslav Lisinski was a Croatian composer. Lisinski was one of the founders of the Illyrian movement, the return to Croatian cultural heritage, as a reaction to Magyarisation during Austro-Hungarian rule. Lisinski composed the first Croatian operas, "Ljubav i zloba" ("Love and Malice", 1846), which he wrote at the urging of Alberto Štriga, and "Porin" (1851) as well as numerous works for orchestra, choir and soloists. - Aurel Popovici
Aurel C. Popovici (16 October 1863 Lugoj, Transylvania - 9 February 1917 Geneva, Switzerland) was an Austria-Hungary ethnic Romanian lawyer and politician. With other Romanian intellectuals of the National Romanian Party, he signed the "Transylvanian Memorandum", a document pleading for equal rights with Hungarians in Transylvania, and demanding an end to persecutions and Magyarization attempts. In 1906 he proposed the federalization of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, … - Take Ionescu
Take or Tache Ionescu was a Romanian centrist politician, journalist, lawyer and diplomat. Starting his political career as a radical member of the National Liberal Party (PNL), he joined the Conservative Party in 1891, and became noted as a social conservative expressing support for several progressive and nationalist tenets. - Vaso Čubrilović
Vaso Čubrilović was born in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1897. He was a student in Sarajevo, when Danilo Ilić recruited him and his friend, Cvjetko Popović, to help assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. His brother, Veljko Čubrilović, was also involved in the plot. On Sunday, 28 June, 1914, Franz Ferdinand and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip. Princip and Nedeljko Čabrinović were captured and interogated by the police. - Ladislaus Hengelmuller
Baron Ladislaus Hengelmüller de Hengervár (1845 - 1917) was a longterm Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to the United States, stretching through multiple Presidential administrations including those of William McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt and William Taft. While ambassador his formal address was, "By the Grace of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, etc, and Apostolic King of Hungary, His Excellency the Baron Ladislaus Hengelmuller de Hengervar, … - Delfino Borroni
Delfino Borroni (born August 23, 1898) is one of the last surviving Italian veterans of the First World War. Borroni signed up in January 1917 to the "6th Bersaglieres Bologna". He first saw action in Pasubio, where he fought against the Austro-Hungarian forces. He also fought at Valsugana and Caporetto, where he was captured as an Austrian prisoner of war and forced to dig trenches until he was released at the end of the war. He now lives in a rest home in Castano Primo, …
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