- Józef Piłsudski
Józef Klemens Piłsudski, was a Polish revolutionary and statesman, Field Marshal, first Chief of State (1918-1922) and dictator (1926-1935) of the Second Polish Republic, as well as head of its armed forces. From the middle of World War I until his death, Piłsudski was the major influence on Poland's government and foreign policy, and an important figure in European politics. He is considered largely responsible for Poland having regained her independence in 1918, … - Julius Epstein
Julius Epstein was a Austro-Hungarian Jewish pianist. He was a pupil at Agram of the choir-director Vatroslav Lichtenegger, and in Vienna of Johann Rufinatscha (composition) and Anton Halm (pianoforte). He made his début in 1852, and soon became one of the most popular pianists and teachers in Vienna. From 1867 to 1901, Epstein was a professor of piano at the Vienna Conservatorium, where Ignaz Brüll, Marcella Sembrich, and Gustav Mahler were among his pupils. - Karl Radek
Karl Berngardovich Radek was a Bolshevik and an international Communist leader. He was born in then Lemberg (now L'viv in Ukraine, then in Austro-Hungary), as Karol Sobelsohn, to a Jewish family. He took the name "Radek" from a favourite character in a book (perhaps "Syzyfowe prace" by Stefan Żeromski). A member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) since 1898, he participated in the 1905 Revolution in Warsaw. - Jože Plečnik
Jože Plečnik was a famous Slovene architect who practised in Vienna, Belgrade, Prague and Ljubljana. Plečnik was born in Ljubljana, (then in Austro-Hungary), Slovenia. From 1894 to 1897 Plečnik studied with noted Viennese architect and educator Otto Wagner and worked in Wagner's architecture office until 1900. While in Wagner's office Plečnik was affiliated with the Viennese Secession, … - Wacław Jędrzejewicz
General Wacław Jędrzejewicz was a Polish Army officer and diplomat and subsequently an American college professor. He was co-founder and long-time president of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America. As a student at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków (1913-1914), Jędrzejewicz joined Józef Piłsudski's Riflemen's Association ("Związek Strzelecki"). - Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni
Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni (or Count "Kasimir Felix von Badeni", born Kazimierz Feliks hrabia Badeni; Surochów, Galicia, October 14, 1846 - July 9, 1909) was Minister-President of the Austrian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1895 until 1897. Many people in Austria, especially Emperor Franz Joseph, had placed great hope in Badeni's ability to solve some of the Empire's constitutional problems, but he disappointed them. - Henry Roth
Henry Roth (8 February 1906 - 13 October 1995) was an American novelist and short story writer. - Dragutin Dimitrijević
Dragutin Dimitrijević (August 17, 1876 - June 11, 24 or 27, 1917) was a Serbian soldier and nationalist leader of the Black Hand group which assassinated Serbian King Aleksandar Obrenović in 1903 and Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria in 1914. The latter triggered the outbreak of World War I. Dragutin Dimitrijević was born in Serbia in 1876. At sixteen Dimitrijević went to the Belgrade Military Academy. - Pero Budmani
Pero Budmani born in Ragusa (Dubrovnik) was a linguist and philologist, who first used the name Serbo-Croatian in his book of grammar (Grammatica della lingua serbo-croata; Vienna, 1867). The Vukovian- based effort of language standardization lasted the remainder of the century, and culminated in the 1899 publication of Tomo Maretić’s Gramatika i stilistika hrvatskoga ili srpskoga književnog jezika (Grammar and Stylistics of the Croatian or Serbian Literary Language). - Lewis Bernstein Namier
Sir Lewis Bernstein Namier (June 27 1888 - August 19 1960) was an English historian. He was born Ludwik Niemirowski in Wola Okrzejska in what was then Austro-Hungary and is now Poland. - Rudolf Jung
Rudolf Jung (April 16, 1882 - December 11, 1945) was an instrumental force and agitator of German-Czech National Socialism and, later on, became a member of the German Nazi Party. Rudolf Jung was born in Plasy and was a native of Jihlava, a town fractured by national antagonisms. He was a civil engineer employed by the national railways of the Austro-Hungary. His party work took him from Vienna, to Bohemia. - David Martin
David Martin (22 December 1915 - 1 July 1997), known as an Australian poet, was born Lajos or Ludwig Detsinyi, into a Jewish family in Hungary (then part of Austria-Hungary). He used as well the names Louis Adam and Louis Destiny. He also wrote novels and short stories, and plays. He was brought up in Germany, where he first became a communist at age 17. He then worked in the Netherlands, … - Stanisław Kot
Stanisław Kot was a Polish scientist and politician, member of the Polish Government in Exile. Born in 1885 in Ruda, Austria-Hungary, Kot studied philosophy at the University of Lwów, obtaining a PhD in 1911. He made several study trips to France, Germany, Sweden and Italy. In 1911 he Married Ida Proksch. In his youth he was an active member of the organization of the Polish Studying Youth (Independent Group), under the Austro-Hungarian regime in the former Galicia. - Avhustyn Voloshyn
Avhustyn Ivanovych Voloshyn was a Subcarpathian politician, teacher, and essayist. He was president of the independent Carpatho-Ukraine, which existed for a few days in 1939. Voloshyn was born in March 17, 1874 in Kelesin, Transcarpathia (province of Austro-Hungary). He studied at Uzhhorod School of Theology and at Budapest University. He became a Greek Catholic priest, from 1924 a Papal chamberer. - Moriz Ludassy
Moriz Ludassy, Hungarian journalist; born at Komorn in 1825; died at Reichenau 29 August 1885. As early as 1848 he was editor of the "Esti Lapok" in Budapest and of the "Magyar Világ", advocating in both periodicals the cause of the Conservatives. About fifteen years later he went to Vienna, where, with Georg Apponyi and Paul Sennyei, … - Trifko Grabež
Trifun "Trifko" Grabež was a Serb member of the organization Black Hand involved in the assassination in Sarajevo. Trifko Grabež was born to a Serbian-Orthodox priest in Pale, a small town in central-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the age of seventeen, Grabež was expelled from school for striking one of his teachers. Grabež left home and moved to Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. As well as continuing his education he joined the Black Hand secret society. - Grgo Kusic
Grgo Kusic was a Croat soldier in the Austro-Hungarian army. Known as the Gulliver of Dalmatia, the 237 cm Grabovac native was a personal imperial guard to emperor François-Joseph in Vienna. Grgo stood a little over 7 foot 9 inches tall and was one of history's tallest person. Croatia's tallest person ever, and Austro-Hungary's tallest soldier. The currently tallest man in the world, Mongolian Xi Shun, is about 1 centimeter shorter than Grgo. - Jerzy Pajaczkowski-Dydynski
Jerzy Casimir Pajaczkowski-Dydynski (July 19, 1894 in Lemberg, Austro-Hungary - December 6 2005 in Boarbank Hall, England) who was thought to be the UK's oldest man at the time of his death, died at the age of 111. The Polish army veteran died at a nursing home in Cumbria. In 1915, Jerzy was conscripted into the Austro-Hungarian army. He later fought for Poland. - Eduard Ingris
Eduard Ingriš (February 11, 1905 - January 11, 1991) was a Czech-American composer, photographer, conductor and adventurer. Born in Zlonice in Bohemia (then-Austro-Hungary, now Czech Republic), Ingriš left Czechoslovakia in 1947 for South America, living in Brazil and Peru. In 1954 and 1959 he organized the Kantuta and Kantuta II raft voyages and sailed across the Pacific, in similar style to Thor Heyerdahl's Kon-tiki. - Michael Somogyi
Dr. Michael Somogyi (1883 - 1971) was an Austro-Hungarian- born professor of biochemistry at the Washington University and Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, who prepared the first insulin treatment given to a child with diabetes in the USA in October 1922. Somogyi showed that excessive insulin makes diabetes unstable in the Chronic Somogyi rebound of which he gave his name, and first published his findings in 1938. - Eduard Fischer
Dr. Eduard Fischer, a Jewish colonel (Gendarmerie general) in the Austrian gendarmerie in Bukovina. With the outbreak of World War I, Bukovina then part of Austro-Hungary was immediately under siege by the Russian armies. The north of Bukovina and Czernowitz the capital fell within a month. Meanwhile in the unoccupied part of southern Bukovina, an armed resistance group was formed under the command of Colonel Eduard Fischer. - Ladislaus Weinek
Ladislaus Weinek (February 13, 1848, Buda - November 2, 1913, Prague) was an Austro-Hungarian astronomer. He was educated in Vienna, and worked for a period at the photography laboratories in Schwerin. In 1874 he joined a German expedition to the Kerguelen Islands to observe a transit of Venus across the face of the Sun. His results from the expedition were published in "Nova Acta Leopoldina". - Iwan Pylypow
Iwan Pylypow and Wasyl Eleniak were the first Ukrainian immigrants to Canada in 1891–93. Pylypow was born in the village of Nebyliv in Kalush county ("povit") in Austrian Galicia. He was a peasant logging contractor, and after falling on hard times considered finding a better life abroad, like many other Galicians of the time. Pylypow had heard about free lands in Canada from German neighbours, and after corresponding with former classmate Johan Krebs, … - Moshe Ziffer
Moshe Ziffer, (1902-1989) was a modern Israeli artist and sculptor. Ziffer was born 24 April 1902 in Przemysl, Austro-Hungary. He immigrated into Eretz-Israel in 1919. Between 1924-33 he studied sculpture in Vienna, Berlin and Paris. He created the stone sculptures at Tel Aviv University and Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Ziffer bequeathed his sculpture garden in Safed to the Safed Municipality. - Vlastimil Tusar
Vlastimil Tusar (18 October 1880 Prague - 22 March 1924 Berlin) was a Czechoslovak journalist and political figure. He served as prime minister of Czechoslovakia from 1919 to 1920. Tusar was born as the son of a civil servant he attended a gymnasium and an economical school in Prague. Between 1900 and 1903 he worked for a bank, in 1903 he became a journalist for various social democratic papers. - Józef Ankwicz
Józef Ankwicz of Awdaniec coat of arms (also kown as "Józef z Posławic" and "Józef Awdaniec") was a politician and noble ("szlachcic") in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He held the office of castellan of Nowy Sącz from 1782. He is infamous for being one of the most prominent collaborators with the partitioners of Poland. Son of Stanisław Walenty Ankwicz and Salomea Schwarcemberg-Czerny. - William Of Albania Prince of Albania
Prince William Friedrich Heinrich of Wied, Prince of Albania (26 March 1876-18 April 1945) reigned briefly as sovereign of the Principality of Albania from February 21, 1914 to September 3, 1914. Outside the country and in diplomatic correspondence, he was styled "sovereign prince," but in Albanian he was referred to as "mbret," or king. (See King of Albania for more details.) Born in Neuwied, he was the third son of William, … - Alexander Rado
Sandor (Alexander) Rado (Hungarian Radó Sándor 5 November 1899, Újpest – 1981 – Budapest) was a Hungarian-born Soviet military intelligence agent during World War II. Rado was born in a Jewish family in Újpest near Budapest. His father was a manager in a trade firm and then a businessman. During World War I after the graduation from gymnasium (high school) in 1917 Rado was drafted into Austro-Hungarian army. He was sent into a fortress artillery officer school. - Archduke Wilhelm Of Austria
Wilhelm Franz von Habsburg-Lothringen — (Vasyl Vyshyvanyi) — Austrian archduke, colonel of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, poet. Archduke Wilhelm was the youngest son of Archduke Karl Stephan and Archduchess Maria Theresia. He was born in Pula (present day Croatia). - Franc Rozman Stane
Franc Rozman Stane, was a legendary Slovene partisan commandant of World War II. Franc Rozman was born in the village Spodnje Pirniče, near Ljubljana, Austro - Hungary (now Slovenia) to mother Marjana née Stare and father Franc Rozman. He was the third of four children, having two elder sisters, Marjeta and Terezija, and a younger brother, Martin. At the age of three, Franc lost his father, a railway track-worker, … - Paweł Parniak
Paweł Parniak of Wolibórz, Poland (February 27, 1890? - March 27, 2006) claimed to be the world's oldest living person and oldest combat veteran ever. He gained international attention in 2002 when he was named Poland's oldest man by the Polish Book of Records. Parniak claimed to have been born on February 27, 1890 in an area that is now part of the Ukraine and at the time of his birth belonged to Austro-Hungary. - Theodor Herzl
Benjamin Ze'ev (Theodor) Herzl) (May 2, 1860 - July 3, 1904) was an Austro-Hungarian Jewish journalist who founded modern political Zionism. Herzl was born in Budapest, Hungary, but his family moved to Vienna when Theodor was 18. There, he studied law, but he devoted himself almost exclusively to journalism and literature, working as a correspondent for the "Neue Freie Presse" in Paris, occasionally making special trips to London and Istanbul. - Isidor Kaufman
Isidor Kaufman (March 22, 1853-1921) was an Austro-Hungarian painter of Jewish themes. Having devoted his career to genre painting, he traveled throughout Eastern Europe in search of scenes of Jewish, often Hasidic life. Born to Hungarian Jewish parents in Arad, Kingdom of Hungary (presently in Romania), Kaufman was originally destined for a commercial career, and could fulfill his wish to become a painter only later in life. - Take Ionescu
Take or Tache Ionescu was a Romanian centrist politician, journalist, lawyer and diplomat. Starting his political career as a radical member of the National Liberal Party (PNL), he joined the Conservative Party in 1891, and became noted as a social conservative expressing support for several progressive and nationalist tenets. - Archduke Franz Ferdinand Of Austria
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Este (December 18, 1863 - June 28, 1914) was an Archduke of Austria, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, and from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated the Austrian declaration of war. This caused countries in alliances with the Austria and Serbia respectively to declare war on each other, starting World War I. - Viktor Dankl von Krasnik
Count Viktor Dankl von Krasnik, or simply Viktor Dankl (German language: "Viktor Graf Dankl von Krasnik") was a highly decorated career Austro-Hungarian officer that reached the pinnacle of his service during World War I, winning his country's highest military honor, the Commanders' Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, specifically for his actions at the battle of Krasnik in 1914. - Jan Stanisław Jankowski
Stanisław Jankowski (6 May 1882 - 13 March 1953; noms de guerre "Doktor", "Jan", "Klonowski", "Sobolewski", "Soból") was a Polish politician, an important figure in the Polish civil resistance during World War II and a Government Delegate at Home. Arrested by the NKVD, he was sentenced in the Trial of the Sixteen and murdered in a Soviet prison. Jankowski was born in the village of Krassów Wielki near Wysokie Mazowieckie, … - Kazimierz Bartel
Kazimierz Bartel was a Polish mathematician and politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 1926 to 1930. He was born in Lemberg (Lwów, in Polish) March 3, 1882. After completing secondary school he studied at the Lwów Polytechnic in the Mechanical Engineering Department. He graduated in 1907 and soon became an assistant in Descriptive Geometry. By 1914 he was a professor at his alma mater. - Iulian Pop
Iulian Pop was an Austro-Hungarian and Romanian lawyer and politician, who became the first ethnic Romanian mayor of Cluj on January 19, 1919 (one year after Transylvania voted to unite with Romania). Pop remained mayor until April 13, 1923, when he resigned and was succeeded on an interim basis by Aurel Moga. Born in Buduş, present-day Bistriţa-Năsăud County, he was the recipient of a PhD in Law and a practicing attorney. - Rudolf Maister
Rudolf Maister-Vojanov (March 29, 1874 - July 26, 1934) was a Slovene colonel in the Austro-Hungarian army. In 1918, towards the end of World War I, he organized local volunteers and took control of the city of Maribor and the surrounding region of Lower Styria violently, thus securing it for the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
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