- Claude Monet
Claude Monet also known as Oscar-Claude Monet or Claude Oscar Monet (November 14, 1840 - December 5, 1926) was a founder of French impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting. The term Impressionism is derived from the title of his painting "Impression, Sunrise".
- Vincent van Gogh
Vincent Willem van Gogh (sometimes erroneously pronounced [ˈvɪnsənt væn ˈɡɒf] in British English and [ˈvɪnsənt væn ˈɡoʊ] in US English; the correct Dutch pronunciation is) (30 March 1853 - 29 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist artist. His paintings and drawings include some of the world's best known, most popular and most expensive pieces. Van Gogh spent his early life working for a firm of art dealers.
- Edgar Degas
Edgar Degas, born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar Degas, was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. He is regarded as one of the founders of Impressionism although he rejected the term, and preferred to be called a realist. A superb draughtsman, he is especially identified with the subject of the dance, and over half his works depict dancers. These display his mastery in the depiction of movement, …
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (February 25, 1841-December 3, 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. As a celebrator of beauty, and especially feminine sensuality, it has been said that "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau".
- Camille Pissarro
Camille Pissarro was a French Impressionist painter. His importance resides not only in his visual contributions to Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, but also in his patriarchal standing among his colleagues, particularly Paul Cézanne.
- Childe Hassam
Frederick Childe Hassam (b. October 17 1859, Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts - d. August 27 1935, East Hampton, New York) was an American Impressionist painter.
- Paul Cézanne
Paul Cézanne was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavour to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century. Cézanne can be said to form the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism and the early 20th century's new line of artistic enquiry, Cubism.
- Alfred Sisley
Alfred Sisley (October 30, 1839 - January 29, 1899) was an English Impressionist landscape painter who lived and worked in France.
- William Merritt Chase
William Merritt Chase (November 1, 1849 - October 25, 1916) was an American painter known as an exponent of Impressionism and as a teacher.
- Georges Braque
Georges Braque (May 13, 1882 - August 31, 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor who, along with Pablo Picasso, developed the art movement known as cubism.
- Art Criticism
Art criticism is the written discussion or evaluation of visual art. Art critics usually criticize art in the context of aesthetics or the theory of beauty. One of criticism's goals is the pursuit of a rational basis for art appreciation. Though critiques of art may have lasted as long as art itself, art criticism as a genre refers to a systematic study of art performed by scholars and dedicated students of art and art theory.
- Jack Vettriano
Jack Vettriano (born 25 January 1951 Fife) is a Scottish painter. Originally Jack Hoggan, he grew up in the industrial seaside town of Methil, Fife. He left school at 16 and became an apprentice mining engineer, but later took up painting as a hobby in his twenties. His earliest paintings were copies or pastiches of impressionist paintings (his first painting was a copy of Monet's "Poppy Fields").
- August Macke
August Macke (January 3, 1887 - September 26, 1914) was one of the leading members of the German Expressionist group Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider). He lived during a particularly innovative time for German art which saw the development of the main German Expressionist movements as well as the arrival of the successive avant-garde movements which were forming in the rest of Europe.
- Édouard Manet
Édouard Manet was a French painter. One of the first nineteenth century artists to approach modern-life subjects, he was a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. His early masterworks "The Luncheon on the Grass" and "Olympia" engendered great controversy, and served as rallying points for the young painters who would create Impressionism—today these are considered watershed paintings that mark the genesis of modern art.
- Utamaro
"' (ca. 1753 - 1806) (his name was archaically romanized as Outamaro"') was a Japanese printmaker and painter, and is considered one of the greatest artists of woodblock prints ("ukiyo-e"). He is known especially for his masterfully composed studies of women, known as "bijinga". He also produced nature studies, particularly illustrated books of insects. His work reached Europe in the mid 19th century, where it was very popular, …
- Theodore Robinson
Theodore Robinson (July 3,1852 - April 2,1896) was an American painter best known for his impressionist landscapes. He was one of the first American artists to take up impressionism in the late 1880s, visiting Giverny and developing a close friendship with Claude Monet. Several of his works are considered masterpieces of American Impressionism.
- J. M. W. Turner
Joseph Mallord William Turner (23 April 1775 - 19 December 1851) was an English Romantic landscape painter, watercolourist and printmaker, whose style can be said to have laid the foundation for Impressionism.
- Max Liebermann
Max Liebermann (July 20 1847 in Berlin - February 8 1935) was a German painter and printmaker in etching and lithography. The son of a Jewish businessman from Berlin, Liebermann first studied law and philosophy, but later studied painting and drawing in Weimar in 1869, in Paris in 1872 and in Holland during 1876-77. Although residing and working for some time in Munich, he finally returned to Berlin in 1884 and worked there for the rest of his life.
- Grant Wood
Grant Wood, born Grant DeVolson Wood (February 13, 1891 - February 12, 1942) was an American painter, born in Anamosa, Iowa. He is best known for his paintings depicting the rural American Midwest. His family moved to Cedar Rapids after his father died in 1901. Soon thereafter he began as an apprentice in a local metal shop. After graduating from Washington High School (Cedar Rapids, Iowa), Wood enrolled in art school in Minneapolis in 1910, …
- Robert Delaunay
Robert Delaunay was a French artist who used orphism, similar to abstraction and cubism in his work. Delaunay concentrated on orphism, while his later works were more abstract, reminiscent of Paul Klee. His key influence related to bold use of colour, and a clear love of experimentation of both depth and tone. While he was a child, Delaunay's parents divorced, and he was raised by his uncle, in La Ronchère (near Bourges). He took up painting at an early age, and by 1903, …
- Giovanni Boldini
Giovanni Boldini (December 31, 1842 - July 11, 1931) was an Italian genre and portrait painter, belonging to the Parisian school. According to a 1933 article in "Time" magazine, he was known as the "Master of Swish" because of his flowing style of painting. Boldini was born in Ferrara, the son of a painter of religious subjects, and went to Florence in 1862 to study painting, meeting there the realist painters known as the Macchiaioli.
- Francis Picabia
Francis-Marie Martinez Picabia was a well-known painter and poet born of a French mother and a Spanish-Cuban father who was an attaché at the Cuban legation in Paris, France. Born in Paris, he studied at École des Beaux-Arts and École des Arts Decoratifs. In the beginning of his career, from 1903 to 1908, he was influenced by the impressionist painting of Alfred Sisley. From 1909, he came under the influence of the cubists and the Golden Section (Section d'Or).
- Erik Satie
Satie and furniture music: not all of Satie's music is "furniture music". In the strict sense the term applies only to five of his compositions, which he wrote in 1917, 1920, and 1923. For the first public performance of "furniture music" see Entr'acte. Satie as precursor: the only "precursor" discussion Satie was involved in during his lifetime was whether or not he was a precursor of Claude Debussy, but many would follow.
- Fernand Léger
Joseph Fernand Henri Léger was a French painter, sculptor, and filmmaker.
- Alexandre Cabanel
Alexandre Cabanel was a French painter. Cabanel was born in Montpellier, Hérault. He painted historical, classical and religious subjects in the academic style. He was also well-known as a portrait painter. According to "Diccionario Enciclopedico Salvat", Cabanel is the best representative of the L'art pompier and Napoleon III's preferred painter. He entered the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris at the age of seventeen.
- John Henry Twachtman
John Henry Twachtman (August 4 1853 - August 8 1902) was an American painter best-known for his impressionist landscapes, though his painting style varied widely through his career. Art historians consider Twachtman's style of impressionism to be among the more personal and experimental of his generation. He was a member of "The Ten", a loosely-allied group of American artists dissatisfied with professional art organizations, …
- Lovis Corinth
Lovis Corinth (July 21 1858-July 17 1925) was a German painter and printmaker whose mature work realized a synthesis of impressionism and expressionism.
- Frédéric Bazille
Jean Frédéric Bazille was a French Impressionist painter best known for his depiction of figures. Born in Montpellier, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, into a middle-class Protestant family, Bazille became interested in painting after seeing some works of Eugène Delacroix. His family agreed to let him study painting, but only if he also studied medicine. Bazille began studying medicine in 1859. He moved to Paris in 1862 to continue his studies.
- Jan Toorop
Jean Theodoor "Jan" Toorop (December 20, 1858, Purworedjo, Java -March 3, 1928, The Hague) was a Dutch painter whose works straddle the space between the Symbolist painters and Art Nouveau. Born in Java, he moved with his family to the Netherlands in 1872, and he studied in Delft and Amsterdam. In 1880 he became a student at the State Academy in Amsterdam. From 1882 to 1886 he lived in Brussels, where he joined "Les Vingts", …
- J. Alden Weir
Julian Alden Weir was an American impressionist painter and member of the Cos Cob Art Colony near Greenwich, Connecticut. Weir was also one of "The Ten", a loosely-allied group of American artists dissatisfied with professional art organizations, who banded together in 1898 to exhibit their works as a stylistically-unified group. Weir was born and raised in West Point, New York, the son of Robert Walter Weir, a professor of drawing.
- Diego Velázquez
Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez, commonly referred to as Diego Velázquez, was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary baroque period, important as a portrait artist. He lived in Italy for a year and a half from 1629 to 1631 with the purpose of traveling and studying works of art. In 1649 he traveled to Italy again.
- John Rewald
John Rewald was the German-born American art historian, scholar of Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, and Paul Cézanne.
- Ernest Lawson
Ernest Lawson (March 22, 1873 - December 18, 1939) was an American painter and a member of The Eight. Lawson was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Though Lawson mostly painted landscapes, he also did some realistic urban scenes which were shown at the 1908 exihibition of The Eight. His painting style is heavily influenced by Impressionism, especially the style of John Henry Twachtman, Alfred Sisley, and J. Alden Weir.
- Henri-Edmond Cross
Henri-Edmond Cross, was a French pointillist painter. Cross was born in Douai and grew up in Lille. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts. His early works, portraits and still lifes, were in the dark colors of realism, but after meeting with Claude Monet in 1883, he painted in the brighter colors of Impressionism. In 1884, Cross cofounded the Société des Artistes Indépendants with Georges Seurat. He went on to become one of the principal exponents of Neo-Impressionism.
- Walter Sickert
Walter Richard Sickert (May 31, 1860 in Munich, Germany - January 22, 1942 in Bath, England) was an English Impressionist painter. Sickert was a cosmopolitan and eccentric who favoured ordinary people and urban scenes as his subjects.
- Jean-Léon Gérôme
Jean-Léon Gérôme was a French painter and sculptor who resisted the counter-revolutionary movements of Impressionism begun by Monet and Manet, continuing the development and conservation of French neo-classicism. He also produced many works in a historical, Orientalist style, bringing the French Empire tradition to an artistic climax.
- Paul Durand-Ruel
Paul Durand-Ruel (1831 - 1922) was a French art dealer who is associated with the Impressionists. He was one of the first modern art dealers who provided support to his painters with stipends and solo exhibitions.
- Louis Leroy
Louis Leroy was a French 19th century engraver, painter, and successful playwright. However, he is remembered as the journalist and art critic for the French satirical newspaper Le Charivari, who coined the term "impressionism" to satirise the artists now known by the word. Leroy's review was printed in Le Charivari on 25 April 1874 with the title "The Exhibition of the Impressionists". The term was taken from Claude Monet's painting "Impression: soleil levant".
- Guy Rose
Guy Rose (3 March, 1867-17 November, 1925) was an American Impressionist painter who is recognized as one of California's top impressionist painters of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Guy Orlando Rose was born March 3, 1867 in San Gabriel, California. He was the seventh child of Leonard John Rose and Amanda Jones Rose. His father was a prominent California senator.
- Daniel Garber
Daniel Garber (1880-1958) was an American landscape painter and member of the art colony at New Hope, Pennsylvania. He is best known today for his large impressionist scenes of the New Hope area, in which he often depicted the Delaware River. He also painted figurative interior works and excelled at etching. In addition to his painting career, Garber taught art at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts for over forty years.