- Oliver Sacks
Oliver Sacks was born in 1933 in London, England (both of his parents were physicians) and earned his medical degree at Queen's College, Oxford. In the early 1960s, he moved to the United States and completed an internship in San Francisco and a residency in neurology at UCLA.
- Jean-Martin Charcot
Jean-Martin Charcot was a French neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology. His work greatly impacted the developing fields of neurology and psychology. He was nicknamed "the Napoleon of the neuroses".
- Viktor Frankl
Viktor Emil Frankl, M.D., Ph.D., (March 26, 1905 - September 2, 1997) was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist as well as a Holocaust survivor. Frankl was the founder of logotherapy and Existential Analysis, the "Third Viennese School" of psychotherapy. His book "Man's Search for Meaning" (first published in 1946) chronicles his experiences as a concentration camp inmate and describes his psychotherapeutic method of finding meaning in all forms of existence, …
- William Hammesfahr
William Hammesfahr is an American neurologist practising in Clearwater, Florida, who specializes in treating stroke victims. He is best known for his involvement in the Terri Schiavo case, during which he examined Schiavo and testified on behalf of her parents. For stroke victims, Hammesfahr recommends aggressive treatment with drugs to open constricted blood vessels and improve blood flow to the affected areas of the brain.
- John Hughlings Jackson
John Hughlings Jackson, FRS (March 4, 1835 - October 7, 1911), was an English neurologist; born at Providence Green, Green Hammerton, Yorkshire.
- Roger Bannister
Sir Roger Gilbert Bannister CBE (born March 23, 1929) is a British former athlete best known as the first man to run the mile in less than 4 minutes. Bannister became a distinguished neurologist and Master of Pembroke College, Oxford retiring in 2001. He was born in Harrow, London.
- Norman Geschwind
Norman Geschwind can be considered the father of modern behavioral neurology in America. He was mentor to the cadre of behavioral neurologists who would shape the subspecialty for the 20th and early 21st centuries. Dr. Geschwind is best known for his exploration of behavioral neurology through disconnection models based on lesion analysis.
- Georges Gilles de la Tourette
Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette (October 30 1857 in Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers near Poitou, France — May 26, 1904 in Lausanne, Switzerland) was a French neurologist who is the eponym of Tourette syndrome, a neurological condition. In 1873 Tourette began medical studies at Poitiers. He later moved to Paris where he became a student, amanuensis and house physician of his mentor, the influential contemporary neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot, …
- David Nicholl
Dr David Nicholl is a UK neurologist who in March 2006 initiated a letter in the medical journal "The Lancet", signed by more than 250 medical experts urging the United States to stop force-feeding at the Guantanamo Bay and close down the prison camp.
- Ernest Jones
Alfred Ernest Jones Welsh neurologist, psychoanalyst and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer. As the first English-language practitioner of psychoanalysis and as President of both of the British Psycho-Analytical Society and the International Psychoanalytic Association in the 1920s and 1930s, Jones exercised unmatched influence in the establishment of its organisations, institutions and publications in the English-speaking world.
- Rita Levi-Montalcini
Rita Levi-Montalcini (born April 22, 1909) is an Italian neurologist who, together with colleague Stanley Cohen, received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of growth factors. Today she is the oldest living Nobel laureate.
- Mohammed Asha
Dr. Mohammed Jamil Abdelqader Asha is a suspect arrested after the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack. A Palestinian who was born in Saudi Arabia, Asha moved to Jordan with his family in 1991. He received a medical degree in Jordan in 2004, and was given permission to work in the United Kingdom in 2005. He lives in the village of Chesterton with his wife and child. As a junior neurosurgeon he worked in the University Hospital of North Staffordshire in Stoke-on-Trent.
- Pierre Marie
Pierre Marie was a French neurologist, who began his medical career in 1878 as an assistant to the famous neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) at the Salpêtrière and Bicêtre Hospitals in Paris. One of his earliest contributions was the description of a disorder of the pituitary gland known as acromegaly. His analysis of the disease was considered a pioneer contribution to a field of medicine later to be known as endocrinology.
- Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
Vilayanur S. "Rama" Ramachandran (born 1951) is a neurologist best known for his work in the fields of behavioral neurology and psychophysics. He received a degree in medicine from Stanley Medical College in Madras, India, and later, a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge. He is currently a professor of psychology and neuroscience at University of California, San Diego, the director of the Center for Brain and Cognition, and scientific advisor to the Beckley Foundation.
- Stanley B. Prusiner
Stanley Ben Prusiner (born May 28, 1942) is an American neurologist and biochemist. Currently the director of the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Prusiner discovered prions, a class of infectious self-reproducing pathogens solely composed of protein. For his prion research he received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1994 and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1997.
- Henry Head
Sir Henry Head (August 4 1861 - October 8 1940) was an English neurologist who conducted pioneering work into the somatosensory system and sensory nerves. Much of this work was conducted on himself, in collaboration with the psychiatrist W. H. R. Rivers, by severing and reconnecting sensory nerves and mapping how sensation returned over time. Head-Holmes syndrome and Head-Riddoch syndrome are named after him.
- Ugo Cerletti
Ugo Cerletti (September 26, 1877 - July 25, 1963) was an Italian neurologist who discovered the method of electroconvulsive therapy in psychiatry.
- Stephen Wiltshire
Stephen Wiltshire MBE, (born 1974) is an accomplished architectural artist who has been diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder. Stephen's interests are: earthquakes, cars, and architecture, in that order. Stephen Wiltshire was born April 24 1974 to West Indian parents in London, England. He was mute and at the age of three was diagnosed as an autistic. The same year his father died in a motorcycle accident.
- Stanley Cohen
Stanley Cohen (born November 17, 1922) is an American biochemist and Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986). He is a distinguished researcher and academic, associated with Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Nashville. He received his bachelor's degree in 1943 from Brooklyn College, where he had double-majored in chemistry and zoology. After working as a bacteriologist at a milk processing plant to earn money, …
- Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Alvaro Pascual-Leone (born 7 August 1961 Valencia, Spain) is a professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School, with which he has been affiliated since 1997. He is the Director of the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Associate Director of the General Clinical Research Center of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. Dr.
- Bernard Sachs
Bernard Sachs (January 2, 1858 -- February 8, 1944) was an American neurologist. After graduating with a B.A. from Harvard in 1878, Sachs travelled to Europe and studied under some of the greatest physicians of the time, such as Adolf Kussmaul (1822-1902), Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen (1833-1910), Friedrich Goltz (1834-1902), Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902), Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal (1833-1890), Theodor Meynert (1833-1892Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893), …
- Donald Calne
Donald Brian Calne (born 1936) is a Canadian neurologist who is a leading Parkinson's disease researcher. He was the first researcher who used synthetic dopamine to treat Parkinson's disease. He has shown that latent damage occurs in the brain even before the symptoms of Parkinson's disease appears. Born in London, England, he received his Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science and Doctor of Medicine degrees from Oxford University.
- Guillaume Duchenne
Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne (born September 17, 1806 in Boulogne; died September 15, 1875) was a French neurologist. Duchenne was educated at Douai and studied medicine in Paris before returning to his hometown to put his profession to practice in 1831. By 1833 he had begun trying electricity as a form of treatment on fishermen, a force that he continued to experiment with throughout the course of his life, in effect making him the father of electro-therapeutics.
- Alfons Maria Jakob
Alfons Maria Jakob (born July 2, 1884, Aschaffenburg/Bavaria; died October 17, 1931, Hamburg) was a German neurologist with important contributions on neuropathology. Alfons Maria Jakob was the son of a shopkeeper. He studied medicine in Munich, Berlin, and Strasbourg, where obtained his doctorate in 1908. In 1909 he commenced clinical work under the psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin and did laboratory work with Franz Nissl and Alois Alzheimer in Munich.
- William Langston
Dr. J. William Langston is the founder, CEO, and Scientific Director of the Parkinson's Institute. He is a graduate of the University of Missouri School of Medicine and was formerly a faculty member at Stanford University and chairman of neurology at Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San Jose, California. Dr. Langston has authored or co-authored over 250 professional publications in the field of neurology, most of which are on Parkinson's disease and related disorders.
- Arnold Pick
Arnold Pick was a Czechoslovakian neurologist and psychiatrist. He is known for identifying the clinical syndrome of Pick's Disease and the 'Pick bodies' that are characteristic of the disorder. He was the first to name reduplicative paramnesia. He was also to use the term dementia praecox (in 1891).
- David Ferrier
David Ferrier (1843-1924) was a pioneer Scottish neurologist, psychologist and octagonecologyst born in Aberdeen. While he was a medical student, Ferrier began to work as a scientific assistant to the influential free-thinking philosopher and psychologist Alexander Bain (1818-1903), one of the founders of associative psychology. Around 1860, psychology as a science was getting its start mostly in Germany, …
- Peter Calabresi
Peter Calabresi is Director of the Johns Hopkins Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Center and an Associate Professor of Neurology. Calabresi was recently awarded a five-year MS center grant from the National MS Society for the study of mechanisms of neurodegeneration and strategies for neuroprotection in MS.
- Morton Prince
Morton Henry Prince (December 21, 1854 - August 31, 1929). American neurologist. Morton Prince was an American physician who specialized in neurology and abnormal psychology, and was leading force in establishing psychology as a clinical and academic discipline. He was part of a handful of men who disseminated European ideas about psychopathology, especially in understanding dissociative phenomenon. He was one of the founders of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology in 1906, …
- Anita Harding
Anita Harding (September 17, 1952 - September 11, 1995) was a British neurologist. Anita Harding made several significant contributions especially in the field of inherited neurologic disorders. Her major achievements are the classification of the peripheral neuropathies and hereditary ataxias, …
- Otfrid Foerster
Otfrid Foerster was a German neurologist and neurosurgeon, who made innovative contributions to neurology and neurosurgery, such as rhizotomy for the treatment of spasticity, anterolateral cordotomy for pain, the hyperventilation test for epilepsy, Foerster's syndrome, the first electrocorticogram of a brain tumor, and the first surgeries for epilepsy.
- Herbert Jasper
Herbert Henri Jasper (July 27, 1906 - March 11, 1999) was a Canadian psychologist, physiologist, anatomist, chemist and neurologist. Born in La Grande, Oregon, he attended Reed College in Portland, Oregon and received his PhD in psychology from the University of Iowa in 1931 and earned a Doctor of Science degree from the University of Paris for research in neurobiology.
- MacDonald Critchley
MacDonald Critchley (born February 2, 1900; died October 15 1997) was a British neurologist. He was former president of the World Federation of Neurology, and the author of over 200 published articles on neurology and 20 books, including "The Parietal Lobes" (1953), "Aphasiology", and biographies of James Parkinson and Sir William Gowers. MacDonald Critchley was educated in Bristol and received his medical degree there.
- Kenneth Heilman
Kenneth M. Heilman is an American behavioral neurologist.
- Hippolyte Bernheim
Hippolyte Bernheim was a French physician and neurologist; born at Mülhausen, Alsace. He received his education in his native town and at the University of Strasbourg, whence he was graduated as doctor of medicine in 1867. The same year he became a lecturer at the university and established himself as physician in the city. When, in 1871, after the Franco-Prussian war, Strasburg passed to Germany, Bernheim removed to Nancy (where he met and later collaborated with Dr.
- Korbinian Brodmann
Korbinian Brodmann (November 17, 1868 - August 22, 1918) was a German neurologist who became famous for his definition of the cerebral cortex into 52 distinct regions from their cytoarchitectonic (histological) characteristics. These areas are now usually referred to as Brodmann areas. Some of these areas were later associated to nervous functions, such as areas 41 and 42 in the temporal lobe (related to hearing), …
- William Alanson White
William Alanson White (1870-1937) was an American neurologist and alienist. He was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., studied at Cornell from 1885 to 1889, and two years later graduated from the Long Island College Hospital. For nine years he was an assistant physician at the Binghamton (N. Y.) State Hospital, and from 1903 superintendent of the Government Hospital for the Insane at Washington.
- Stanley Cobb
Stanley Cobb was a neurologist and could be considered "the founder of biological psychiatry in the United States". Cobb's childhood and education were affected by his stammer, which it is suggested led him to study the neurosciences in an attempt to understand its cause. He married Elizabeth Mason Almy in 1915. Cobb studied at and went on to work for the Harvard Medical School.
- Ludwig Guttmann
Sir Ludwig "Poppa" Guttmann (July 3, 1899 in Toszek (Poland) - March 18, 1980) was a German-born neurologist who founded the Paralympics and is considered one of the founding fathers of organized physical activities for the disabled. One of the leading pre-World War II neurologists in Germany, Guttmann worked at the Jewish Hospital in Breslau until 1939, when he was forced to flee to England.
- Oskar Vogt
Oskar Vogt was a German physician and neurologist. He was born in Husum -Schleswig-Holstein. Vogt studied medicine at Kiel and Jena, obtaining his doctorate from Jena in 1894. Vogt was married to the French neurologist Cecile Vogt-Mugnier, whom he met in Paris while he was there working with Joseph Jules Déjérine and his wife, Augusta Marie Dejerine-Klumke, (who collaborated with him). The Vogt couple also collaborated for a long period of time, …