- Claude Bernard
Claude Bernard (July 12, 1813 - February 10, 1878) was a French physiologist. He was called by I. Bernard Cohen of Harvard University, "one of the greatest of all men of science" in his Foreword to the Dover edition (1957) of Bernard's classic on scientific method, "An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine" (originally published in 1865). He is considered as the Father of Physiology. - Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (September 14, 1849 - February 27, 1936) was a Russian physiologist, psychologist, and physician. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904 for research pertaining to the digestive system. Pavlov is widely known for first describing the phenomenon now known as classical conditioning in his experiments with dogs. - Jared Diamond
Jared Mason Diamond (b. 10 September, 1937) is an American evolutionary biologist, physiologist, biogeographer and nonfiction author. Diamond works as a professor of geography at UCLA. He is best known for the Pulitzer Prize-winning book "Guns, Germs, and Steel" (1997). He also received the National Medal of Science in 1999 - Charles Bell
Sir Charles Bell (November 1774, in Doun in Monteath, Edinburgh - April 28, 1842, in North Hallow, Worcestershire) was a Scottish anatomist, surgeon, physiologist and natural theologian. He was the younger brother of John Bell (1763-1820), also a noted surgeon and writer. - Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt was a German physiologist and psychologist. Generally acknowledged as a founder of experimental psychology and cognitive psychology, he is less commonly recognized as a founding figure of social psychology; the later years of Wundt's life were spent working on "Völkerpsychologie", which he understood as a study into the social basis of higher mental functioning. - Theodor Schwann
Theodor Schwann (December 7, 1810 in Neuss, Prussia - January 11, 1882, in Cologne) was a German physiologist, histologist and cytologist. Among his many contributions to biology there was the development of cell theory, the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and study of pepsin, the discovery of the organic nature of yeast and the invention of the term metabolism. - Willem Einthoven
Willem Einthoven (Semarang, May 21, 1860 - Leiden, September 29, 1927) was a Dutch Lutheran doctor and physiologist. He invented the first practical electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) in 1903 and received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1924 for it. Einthoven was born in Semarang on Java in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). His father, a medical doctor, died when Einthoven was a child. His mother returned to the Netherlands with her children in 1870 and settled in Utrecht. - Stephen Hales
Stephen Hales (September 17, 1677 - January 4, 1761) was an English physiologist, chemist and inventor. Hales studied the role of air and water in the maintenance of both plant and animal life. He gave accurate accounts of the movements of water in plants, and demonstrated that plants absorbed air. He discovered the dangers of breathing in stale air, and invented a ventilator which improved survival rates when employed on ships, in hospitals and in prisons. - Ulf von Euler
Ulf Svante von Euler (February 7, 1905 - March 9, 1983) was a Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist. He won a Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology in 1970 for his work on neurotransmitters. - Joseph Erlanger
Joseph Erlanger (San Francisco, January 5, 1874 - December 5, 1965 in St. Louis, Missouri) was an American physiologist. He won a Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology in 1944 for the discovery of different types of nerve fibers. - Andrew Huxley
Sir Andrew Fielding Huxley, OM, FRS (born 22 November 1917, Hampstead, London) is an English physiologist and biophysicist, who won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with Alan Lloyd Hodgkin on the basis of nerve action potentials, the electrical impulses that enable the activity of an organism to be coordinated by a central nervous system. Hodgkin and Huxley shared the prize that year with John Carew Eccles, who was cited for research on synapses. - Albrecht von Haller
Albrecht von Haller (October 16, 1708-December 12, 1777) was a Swiss anatomist, physiologist and poet - Ernest Starling
Ernest Starling was an English physiologist born on April 17 1866, in London, and died on May 2 1927. He worked mainly at University College London, although he also worked for many years in Germany and France. His main collaborator in London was his brother-in-law, William Maddock Bayliss. Starling is most famous for developing the "Frank-Starling law of the heart", presented in 1915 and modified in 1919. - Thomas Young
Thomas Young (June 13, 1773-May 10, 1829) was an English polymath, contributing to optics, physiology, and Egyptology, among other fields. - Carl Ludwig
Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig (b. 29 December 1816 in Witzenhausen, Hessen, Germany; d. 23 April 1895) was a German physician and physiologist. He studied medicine in Marburg and Erlangen. In 1842 he became a professor of physiology and in 1846 of comparative anatomy. From professorhips in Zurich and Vienna he went in 1865 to the University of Leipzig and developed there the Physiological Institute, designated today after him. - Jacques Loeb
Jacques Loeb (born April 7, 1859, in Mayen, Prussia; died February 11, 1924, in Hamilton, Bermuda) was a German-born American physiologist and biologist. - Johannes Peter Müller
Johannes Peter Müller, was a German physiologist, comparative anatomist, and ichthyologist not only known for his discoveries but also for his ability to synthesize knowledge. - Paul Bert
Paul Bert (October 17, 1833 - November 11, 1886) was a French physiologist and politician. - J. B. S. Haldane
John Burdon Sanderson Haldane FRS (November 5, 1892 - December 1, 1964), who normally used "J.B.S." as a first name, was a British geneticist and evolutionary biologist. He was one of the founders (along with Ronald Fisher and Sewall Wright) of population genetics. - Franz Joseph Gall
Franz Joseph Gall (March 9, 1758 - August 22, 1828) was a neuroanatomist and physiologist who was a pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Gall was born in Grand Duchy of Baden, in the village of Tiefenbronn to a wealthy Roman Catholic wool merchant, the Gall's had been the leading family in the area for over a century. - Michael Foster
Sir Michael Foster (March 8, 1836 - January 29, 1907) was an English physiologist. He was born at Huntingdon. He was educated at University College School. After graduating in medicine at the University of London in 1859, he began to practise in his native town, but in 1867 he returned to London as teacher of practical physiology at University College London, where two years afterwards he became professor. In 1870 he was appointed by Trinity College, Cambridge, … - Bernardo Houssay
Bernardo Alberto Houssay (April 10, 1887 - September 21, 1971) was an Argentine physiologist who received (with Carl and Gerty Cori) the 1947 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the role played by pituitary hormones in regulating the amount of blood sugar (glucose) in animals. - Walter Bradford Cannon
Walter Bradford Cannon (Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, October 19, 1871 - Lincoln, Massachusetts, October 19, 1945) was an American physiologist. - Marshall Hall
Marshall Hall (1790 - 1857) was an English physician and physiologist. His name is attached to the theory of reflex arc mediated by the spinal cord, to a method of resuscitation of drowned people, and to the elucidation of function of capillary vessels. Hall was born on the February 18 1790, at Basford, near Nottingham, England, where his father, Robert Hall, was a cotton manufacturer. Having attended the Rev. - Albert Szent-Györgyi
Albert Szent-Györgyi de Nagyrápolt was a Hungarian physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He was also active in the Hungarian Resistance during World War II and entered Hungarian politics after the war. - Bert Sakmann
Bert Sakmann (born June 12, 1942) is a German cell physiologist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Erwin Neher in 1991 for their work on "the function of single ion channels in cells," and invention of the patch clamp. Bert Sakmann is Professor and director of the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg, Germany. Born in Stuttgart, Sakmann enrolled in Volksschule in Lindau, and completed the Wagenburg gymnasium in Stuttgart in 1961. - Ewald Hering
Ewald Hering (full name Karl Ewald Konstantin Hering) (August 5, 1834 - January 26, 1918) was a German physiologist who did much research into color vision and spatial perception. Hering disagreed with the leading theory developed mostly by Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz. Helmholtz's theory stated that the human eye perceived all colors in terms of three primary colors: red, green, and blue. - Otto Warburg
Otto Warburg (1859-1938), was a botanist and industrial agriculture expert and an active member of the World Zionist Organization, which worked toward the re-establishment of Israel. He later served as the WZO's President from 1911-21. Otto Warburg is not be confused with his distant cousin of the same name Otto Heinrich Warburg the biochemist, physiologist, medical doctor and Nobel laureate. The Nobel laureate Warburg is also the namesake of the Warburg effect. - Walter Rudolf Hess
Walter Rudolf Hess (March 17, 1881 - August 12, 1973) was a Swiss physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949 for mapping the areas of the brain involved in the control of internal organs. He shared the prize with Egas Moniz. Hess was born in Frauenfeld. He received his medical degree from the University of Zurich in 1906 and trained as surgeon and ophthalmologist. - Charles Robert Richet
Charles Robert Richet was a French physiologist who initially investigated a variety of subjects, such as neuro-chemistry, digestion, thermoregulation in homeothermic animals, and breathing. He was named professor of Physiology at the Collège de France in 1887, and became a member of the Académie de Médecine in 1898. It was however his work on anaphylaxis (his term for the sometimes lethal reaction by a sensitised individual to a second, … - Alan Lloyd Hodgkin
Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, OM, KBE, FRS (born February 5, 1914, Banbury, Oxfordshire, England; died December 20, 1998) was a British physiologist and biophysicist, who won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with Andrew Fielding Huxley on the basis of nerve "action potentials," the electrical impulses that enable the activity of an organism to be coordinated by a central nervous system. - Corneille Heymans
Dr. Corneille Jean François Heymans was a Belgian physiologist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1938 for showing how blood pressure and oxygen content of the blood are measured by the body and transmitted to the brain. He succeeded his father, Jean-François Heymans, at the Ghent University as a professor of pharmacology. Heymans married Dr. - Giovanni Alfonso Borelli
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (January 28, 1608 - December 31, 1679) was an Italian physiologist and physicist - François Magendie
François Magendie was French physiologist, considered a pioneer in experimental physiology. He is known for describing the foramen of Magendie. There is also a "Magendie sign", a downward and inward rotation of the eye due to a lesion in the cerebellum. His most important contribution to science was also his most disputed. Contemporaneous to Sir Charles Bell, Magendie conducted a number of experiments on the nervous system, … - Jean Mayer
Jean Mayer (February 19, 1920 - January 1, 1993) was a renowned French-American nutritionist and the tenth president of Tufts University from 1976 to 1992. During his lifetime, Mayer was known as a leading expert and activist on hunger issues. Mayer was the son of French physiologists Jeanne Eugenie Mayer and Andre Mayer, one of the founding members of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. - Albrecht Kossel
Ludwig Karl Martin Leonhard Albrecht Kossel (September 16, 1853 - July 5, 1927) was a German medical doctor. - Herbert Spencer Gasser
Herbert Spencer Gasser, (July 5, 1888 - May 11, 1963) was an American physiologist, and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for his work with action potentials in nerve fibers. He was born in Platteville, Wisconsin. He received his M.D. from Johns Hopkins University. - Haldan Keffer Hartline
Haldan Keffer Hartline (December 22, 1903 - March 17, 1983) was an American physiologist who was a cowinner (with George Wald and Ragnar Granit) of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in analyzing the neurophysiological mechanisms of vision. Hartline began his study of retinal electrophysiology as a National Research Council Fellow at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, receiving his M.D. in 1927. - Laura Schlessinger
Laura Catherine Schlessinger (born January 16, 1947) is an American cultural and conservative commentator, most known as host of the popular "Dr. Laura" radio advice call-in show. The show is nationally syndicated and runs three hours a day on weekdays. Schlessinger is an outspoken critic of practices that she feels have become too prevalent in contemporary American culture. - William Bayliss
Sir William Maddock Bayliss (May 2 1860 - August 27 1924) was an English physiologist. He graduated in physiology from Wadham College, Oxford. He and Ernest Henry Starling discovered the hormone secretin and the Peristalsis of the intestines. The Bayliss effect is named after him. He also led to the Brown Dog affair by suing Hon. Stephen Coleridge for libel concerning what he said about vivisection.
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