- Biosphere
Biosphere is the main recording name of Geir Jenssen (born 1962), a Norwegian musician who has released a notable catalogue of ambient electronic music. He is well known for his "ambient techno" and "arctic ambient" styles, his use of music loops, and peculiar samples from sci-fi sources. His track "Novelty Waves" was used for the 1995 campaign of Levi's. His 1997 album "Substrata" is generally seen as one of the all time classic ambient albums - John Franklin
Rear Admiral Sir John Franklin FRGS (April 15, 1786 - June 11, 1847) was a British Royal Navy officer and Arctic explorer who mapped almost two thirds of the northern coastline of North America and whose last expedition disappeared while attempting to chart and navigate a section of the Northwest Passage in the Canadian Arctic. The entire crew perished from starvation and exposure after Franklin died and the expedition's icebound ships were abandoned in desperation. - John Ross
Sir John Ross (June 24, 1777 - August 30, 1856) was a Scottish rear admiral and Arctic explorer. Ross was the son of the Rev. Andrew Ross, minister of Inch, near Stranraer in Scotland. In 1786, aged only nine, he joined the Royal Navy as an apprentice. He served in the Mediterranean until 1789 and then in the English Channel. In 1808 he acted as a captain of the Swedish Navy and in 1812 became a Commander. - Robert Peary
Robert Edwin Peary (May 6, 1856 - February 20, 1920) was an American explorer who claimed to have been the first person, on April 6, 1909, to reach the geographic North Pole Peary was born in the Pittsburgh area town of Cresson, Pennsylvania. He moved to Maine, attended Portland High School, was a graduate of Bowdoin College, where he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. He was commissioned a Lieutenant in the United States Navy October 26, 1881. - Will Steger
Will Steger (born 1943 at Richfield, Minnesota) is a prominent spokesperson for the understanding and preservation of the Arctic and has led some of the most significant feats in dogsled exploration; such as the first confirmed dogsled journey to the North Pole (without re-supply) in 1986, the 1,600-mile south-north traverse of Greenland - the longest unsupported dogsled expedition in history during 1988, … - James Clark Ross
Sir James Clark Ross (April 15, 1800 - April 3, 1862), was a British naval officer and explorer. He explored the Arctic with his uncle Sir John Ross and Sir William Parry, and later led his own expedition to Antarctica. Ross was born in London. He entered the navy in 1812 under John Ross, whom he accompanied on his first Arctic voyage in search of a Northwest Passage in 1818. Between 1819 and 1827 he took part in four Arctic expeditions under Parry, … - Ann Bancroft
Ann Bancroft (born 29 September 1955 in Mendota Heights, Minnesota) is a United States author, teacher, and explorer. She was the first woman to successfully finish a number of arduous expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic. Ann Bancroft grew up in rural Minnesota. She described her family as one of risk takers. It is reported that she struggled with a learning disability, but nevertheless graduated from St. Paul Academy and Summit School. - Lewis Gordon Pugh
Lewis Gordon Pugh is a British swimmer, explorer, environmentalist,motivational speaker,and Lawyer. He is known as the "Isbjørn" (the Ice Bear or Polar Bear) for his unique ability to withstand extreme cold. Pugh was the first person to complete a long distance swim in both the Arctic and the Antarctic and the first person to complete a long distance swim in all 5 oceans of the world (Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Arctic and Southern). - John Richardson
Sir John Richardson (November 5, 1787 - June 5, 1865) was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer. Richardson was born at Dumfries. He studied medicine at Edinburgh, and became a surgeon in the navy in 1807. He travelled with John Franklin between 1819 and 1822 in search of the Northwest Passage. Richardson wrote the sections on geology, botany and icthyology for the official account of the expedition. - John Rae
John Rae (September 30, 1813 - July 22, 1893) was a Scottish explorer of Canada's Arctic. Rae was born at the Hall of Clestrain in the parish of Orphir in the Orkney Islands. After studying medicine at Edinburgh he went into the service of the Hudson's Bay Company as a doctor. He accepted a post as surgeon at Moose Factory, Ontario and remained there for ten years. - Frederick Cook
Frederick Albert Cook (June 10, 1865 - August 5 1940) was an American explorer and physician, noted for his weakly-documented claim of having reached the North Pole in April, 1908, a year before Robert Peary. - George Back
Sir George Back (6 November 1796 - 23 June 1878) was a British naval officer, explorer of the Canadian Arctic and artist. Back was born in Stockport. As a boy, he went to sea as a volunteer in the frigate HMS "Arethusa" in 1808, but was captured by the French the following year and remained a prisoner until the peace of early 1814. During his captivity, Back practiced his skills as an artist, which he later put to use in recording his travels through the Arctic. - Zacharias Kunuk
Zacharias Kunuk (born 1957) is a Canadian Inuit producer and director most notable for his film "Atanarjuat", the first Canadian dramatic feature film produced completely in Inuktitut. He is the co-founding president of Igloolik Isuma Productions, Canada's first independent Inuit production company. His second film, "The Journals of Knud Rasmussen", is a coproduction with Denmark in which he is a co-writer and co-director with Norman Cohn. - Thomas James
Captain Thomas James (1593 - 1635) was an English sea captain, notable as a navigator and explorer who set out to discover the northwest passage, the hoped for ocean route around the top of North America to Asia. Capt. James set out on his two-year voyage in 1631 with a single vessel, the "Henrietta Maria". James explored Hudson Bay, of which the southern part of the bay, James Bay, is named for him. He wintered on Charlton Island in present day Nunavut, Canada, … - Otto Sverdrup
Otto Neumann Sverdrup was a native of Bindal, Nordland county, Norway, known for his achievements within the areas of Arctic science and exploration. His father was born on Buøy in Nærøy municipality, at that time Kolvereid municipality. As oldest son he was heir to the Sverdrup properties at Buøya. However, he left it all to his younger brothers and went to Åbygda in Bindal, to the farm named Hårstad, where Otto Sverdrup was born. - William Edward Parry
Sir William Edward Parry (December 19, 1790 - 8 or 9 July, 1855) was an English rear-admiral and Arctic explorer. Parry was born in Bath, the son of a doctor. He was educated at King Edward's School, Bath. At the age of thirteen he joined the flag-ship of Admiral Cornwallis in the Channel fleet as a first-class volunteer, in 1806 became a midshipman, and in 1810 received promotion to the rank of lieutenant in the frigate "Alexander", … - Wally Herbert
Sir Walter William "Wally" Herbert (24 October 1934 - 12 June 2007) was a British polar explorer, writer and artist. In 1969 he became the first man to walk undisputed to the North Pole, on the 60th anniversary of Robert Peary's famous, but disputed, expedition. During the course of his polar career, which spanned more than 50 years, he spent 15 years in the wilderness regions of the polar world, … - Vincent Lam
Vincent Lam (born September 5 1974) is a Canadian writer and medical doctor. Born in London, Ontario and raised in Ottawa, his parents came to Canada from the Chinese expatriate community in Vietnam. He attended St. Pius X High School and did his medical training at the University of Toronto, graduating in 1999. - Charles Francis Hall
Charles Francis Hall (1821 - November 8, 1871) was an American Arctic explorer. Little is known of Hall's early life. He grew up in Rochester, New Hampshire where he was apprenticed to a blacksmith as a boy. Eventually, he turned up in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he went into business making seals and engraving plates, and later began to publish a newspaper. - Robert McClure
Sir Robert John Le Mesurier McClure (or M'Clure) (28 January 1807 - 17 October 1873) was a British explorer of the Arctic. He was born at Wexford, in Ireland, the posthumous son of one of Abercrombie's captains, and spent his childhood under the care of his godfather, General Le Mesurier, governor of Alderney, by whom he was educated for the army. - Edmund
Edmund Carpenter (born 1922) has taught anthropology for 40 years at the Universities of Toronto, California and Harvard. He began his fieldwork as a boy in 1935 and has since worked in New Guinea, Borneo and Tibet as well as all of the world's Arctic regions. He has made fifteen field trips to the Arctic in Canada, Greenland, Alaska and Siberia. In 1951 he spent the winter in an Eskimo sod hut. Carpenter's published works include "Patterns That Connect" (1996, … - Henry Larsen
Henry Asbjörn Larsen was a Canadian Arctic explorer. Larsen was born in Norway, like his hero, Roald Amundsen. And, like Amundsen, he became a seaman. Larsen immigrated to Canada and became a British citizen in 1927. In 1928 he joined the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). - Lawren Harris
Lawren Stewart Harris (October 23, 1885 - January 29, 1970) was a Canadian painter. He was born in Brantford, Ontario and is best known as a member of the Group of Seven who pioneered a distinctly Canadian painting style in the early twentieth century. A. Y. Jackson has been quoted as saying that Harris provided the stimulus for the Group of Seven. During the 1920s, Harris' works became more abstract and simplified, … - William Barr
William (Bill) Barr is a Scottish historian now resident of Calgary, Canada, with a specific interest in the history of exploration of the Arctic, and to a lesser degree, the Antarctic. He holds degrees in Geography from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland and McGill University, Québec, Canada. From 1968 until 1999 he was a member of the faculty of the Department of Geography, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada and is now a professor emeritus there. - Robert Bartlett
Captain Robert Abram Bartlett (August 15, 1875 - April 28, 1946) was a notable ice navigator and Arctic explorer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born in Brigus, Newfoundland, Bartlett was the eldest of 10 children and heir to a family tradition of seafaring men. By the age of 17, he mastered his first ship and began a life-long love affair with the Arctic. - Edward Belcher
Sir Edward Belcher (27 February 1799 - 18 March 1877) was a British naval officer and explorer. He is the great-grandson of Governor Jonathan Belcher. His wife, Diana Jolliffe, was the step-daughter of Captain Peter Heywood. He was known as a harsh commander who inspired hatred in his officers. According to a brief history at the Belcher Foundation, "He was a wise, generous, … - Francis Crozier
Francis Rawdon Moira Crozier (September 1796-1848?) was an Irish-born British naval officer who participated in six exploratory expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic.He was named after Francis Rawdon, the second Earl of Moria who was one of his fathers friends. He was born at Avonmore House which stands today opposite his large memorial in Church Square Banbridge, County Down, Ireland, … - Donald B. MacMillan
Donald Baxter MacMillan (November 10, 1874 - September 7, 1970) was an American explorer, sailor, researcher and lecturer who made over 30 expeditions to the Arctic during his 46-year career. He pioneered the use of radios, airplanes, and electricity in the Arctic, brought back films and thousands of photographs of Arctic scenes, and put together a dictionary of the Inuktitut language. - Philip Kaufman
Philip Kaufman (born October 23, 1936) is an American film director and screenwriter from Chicago, Illinois. - John Hornby
John Hornby (1880-1927) was an explorer best known for his expeditions in the Arctic region, notably in the "barren lands" in the Northwest Territory of Canada. Hornby was born to a wealthy family in England and migrated to Canada in 1904. Hornby's first trip to the Arctic was to the Great Bear Lake region in 1908 and he developed a strong fascination with the Canadian Arctic wilderness. - Otto Schmidt
Otto Yulievich Schmidt ((September 7, 1956) was a Soviet scientist, mathematician, astronomer, geophysicist, statesman, academician (Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1935 and Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, 1934), Hero of the USSR (6.27.1937), member of the Communist Party since 1918. He was born in Mogilyov, Imperial Russia (now in Belarus). In 1913, Schmidt graduated from the University of Kiev, where he worked as a privat-docent starting from 1916. - George Nares
Admiral Sir George Strong Nares, KCB, RN (24 April 1831 - 15 January 1915) was a British naval officer and Arctic explorer. He was the son of another British naval captain and was educated at the Royal Naval School and the Royal Naval College. Nares's first experience of the Arctic came while serving as second mate on "Resolute", part of Sir Edward Belcher's squadron on his 1852-1854 expedition in search of Sir John Franklin. - Francis Leopold McClintock
Sir Francis Leopold McClintock (8 July, 1819 - 17 November, 1907) was an Irish explorer in the British Royal Navy who is known for his discoveries in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. In 1831 he became a member of the Royal Navy as a gentleman volunteer, and joined a series of searches for Sir John Franklin between 1848 and 1859. He mastered traveling by using human hauled sleds, … - Kenn Harper
Kenn Harper was a founder of a number of the real estate holding companies which Urbco acquired in 1998. He was a Vice-President and a Director of Urbco. He is also the President and owner of High Arctic Management Services Ltd., which has property, hotel, retail and management interests in the Baffin region of Nunavut. He is a past president of the Iqaluit Chamber of Commerce and a member of the Nunavut Historical Advisory Board. - Hugh Willoughby
Sir Hugh Willoughby (d. 1554) was an early British Arctic voyager. He was sent out in 1553 as captain of the Bona Esperanza with two other vessels under the command of Richard Chancellor by a company of London merchants known as the Mystery Company and Fellowship of Mechant Adventurers for the Discovery of Unknown Lands. The vessels were separated by "terrible whirlwinds" in the Norwegian Sea. - Richard Chancellor
Richard Chancellor (d. 1556) was an English explorer and navigator; the first to penetrate to the White Sea and establish relations with Russia. Chancellor, a native of Bristol, acquired geographical and maritime proficiency from the explorer Sebastian Cabot and the geographer John Dee. Cabot had always been interested in making a voyage to Asia through the Arctic, and for this purpose King Edward VI chartered an association of English merchants, … - Louise Arner
Louise Searle (1887 - 1972) American explorer who led many expeditions to Greenland and other areas of the Arctic. She was the first woman to fly over the North Pole. - Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld
Baron (Nils) Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld ], also known as A. E. Nordenskioeld (November 18, 1832, Helsinki, Finland) - August 12, 1901, Dalby, Skåne, Sweden) was a geologist, mineralogist and arctic explorer and a member of the prominent Finland-Swedish "Nordenskiöld" family of scientists. Born in the Grand Duchy of Finland at the time it was a part of the Russian Empire, … - Sherard Osborn
Sherard Osborn (25 April 1822 - 6 May 1875), was an English admiral and Arctic explorer. Born in Madras, he was the son of an Indian army officer, Osborn entered the navy as a first-class volunteer in 1837. In 1838, he was entrusted with the command of a gunboat at the attack on Kedah in the Malay Peninsula, and was present at the reduction of Canton in 1841 and at the capture of the batteries of Woosung in 1842. - David Buchan
David Buchan (1780 - sometime after 8 December 1838) was a Scottish naval officer and Arctic explorer. In 1806 Buchan was appointed as a lieutenant in the Royal Navy and from about 1808 to 1817 operated in and around Newfoundland. He was the leader of an unsuccessful 1810 expedition into the interior of Newfoundland, attempting to make contact with the dwindling native Beothuk population. In 1818 Buchan was sent on an expedition to the North Pole.
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