- Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur (December 27 1822 - September 28 1895) was a French chemist best known for his remarkable breakthroughs in microbiology. His experiments confirmed the germ theory of disease, also reducing mortality from puerperal fever (childbed), and he created the first vaccine for rabies. He is best known to the general public for showing how to stop milk and wine from going sour - this process came to be called "pasteurization". - Robert Koch
Robert Koch was a German physician. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the cholera vibrio (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his tuberculosis findings in 1905. He is considered one of the founders of bacteriology. - Oswaldo Cruz
Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz, better know as Oswaldo Cruz, (b. August 5, 1872, São Luíz de Paraitinga, São Paulo state, Brazil; d. February 11, 1917, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro state) was a Brazilian physician, bacteriologist, epidemiologist and public health officer and the founder of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute. - Theodor Escherich
Theodor Escherich (29 November 1857 - 15 February 1911) was a German-Austrian pediatrician and a professor at universities in Munich, Graz, and Vienna. He discovered the bacterium "Escherichia coli", which was named after him in 1919, and determined its properties. He was born in Ansbach, Mittelfranken, Germany and he died in Vienna, Austria. - Rita R. Colwell
Rita R. Colwell (born 1934) is an environmental microbiologist and scientific administrator. She became 11th Director of the United States National Science Foundation on August 4, 1998. Dr. Colwell has an undergraduate degree in bacteriology and an M.S. in genetics from Purdue University, and a Ph.D. in oceanography from the University of Washington. In 2004, she received an honorary Sc.D. from Bates College. - Albert Calmette
Léon Charles Albert Calmette was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist, and an important officer of the Pasteur Institute. He discovered the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, an attenuated form of Mycobacterium used in the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis. He also developed the first antivenin for snake venom, the Calmette's serum. Calmette was born in Nice, France. He wanted to serve in the Navy and be a physician, … - Alfred Hershey
Alfred Day Hershey was an American Nobel Prize-winning bacteriologist and geneticist. He was born in Owosso, Michigan and received his B.S. in chemistry at Michigan State University in 1930 and his Ph.D. in bacteriology in 1934, taking a position shortly thereafter at the Department of Bacteriology at Washington University in St. Louis. He began performing experiments with bacteriophages with Italian-American Salvador Luria and German Max Delbrück in 1940, … - Alexandre Yersin
Alexandre Emile John Yersin (September 22, 1863-March 1, 1943) was a French-Swiss physician and bacteriologist. Along with Shibasaburo Kitasato he is remembered as the co-discoverer of the bacillus responsible for the bubonic plague or pest, which was re-named in his honour ("Yersinia pestis"). Yersin was born in 1863 in Lavaux, Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, in a family originally from France. From 1883 to 1884, Yersin studied medicine at Lausanne, … - Pascale Cossart
Dr. Pascale Cossart is an award-winning bacteriologist at the Pasteur Institute of Paris, and the foremost authority on "Listeria monocytogenes", a deadly and common food-borne pathogen responsible for encephalitis, meningitis, bacteremia, gastroenteritis, and other diseases. Cossart's studies of the infectious agent "Listeria monocytogenes" have helped develop a complete picture of this organism and its approaches, … - Kitasato Shibasaburo
was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist. He is remembered as the co-discoverer of the infectious agent of bubonic plague in Hong Kong in 1894, almost simultaneously with Alexandre Yersin. - Alice Hamilton
Alice Hamilton (February 27,1869 - September 22,1970) was the first woman appointed to the faculty of Harvard Medical School and was a leading expert in the field of occupational health. She was a pioneer in the field of toxicology, studying occupational illnesses and the dangerous effects of industrial metals and chemical compounds on the human body. Alice Hamilton was born in 1869 to Montgomery Hamilton and Gertrude Hamilton (nee Pond), in Fort Wayne, Indiana. - Jane Reece
Jane B. Reece (born 15 April, 1944) is an American scientist and textbook author. She is the co-author, along with Neil Campbell, of the Campbell/Reece "Biology" textbooks. Reece received her A.B. in Biology from Harvard University, then received from Rutgers her M.S. in microbiology. Then, she earned her Ph.D. in bacteriology from the University of California, Berkeley. Afterwards, she worked as a postdoctoral fellow in genetics at Stanford University. - Jean Bernard
Jean A. Bernard was a French physician and haematologist. He was professor of haematology and director of the Institute for Leukaemia at the University of Paris. After graduating in medicine in Paris in 1926 he commenced his laboratory training with the bacteriologist Gaston Ramon at the Pasteur Institute in 1929. In 1932 Bernard gave the first description of the use of high dosage radiotherapy in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. - Hugo Theorell
Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell was a Swedish scientist and Nobel Prize laureate in medicine. He was born in Linköping as the son of Thure Theorell and his wife Armida Bill. Theorell went to Secondary School at Katedralskolan in Linköping and passed his examination there on May 23, 1921. In September, he began to study medicine at the Karolinska Institute and in 1924 he graduated as a Bachelor of Medicine. - Clemens von Pirquet
Clemens Peter Freiherr von Pirquet was an Austrian scientist and pediatrician best known for his contributions to the fields of bacteriology and immunology. Born in Vienna, he studied theology at the University of Innsbruck and philosophy at the University of Leuven before he enrolled at the University of Graz where he became a doctor of medicine in 1900. He started practicing at the Children's Clinic in Vienna. - Ruth Ella Moore
Ruth Ella Moore (born 1903 in Columbus, Ohio. died 1994) was an American scientist who worked in the field of bacteriology. The main focus of her research was on blood grouping and enterobacteriaceae. She has the distinction of being the first African American woman to receive a doctorate degree in bacteriology. She studied at the Ohio State University where she received a Bachelor of Science (1926), a Master of Arts (1927) and a Ph.D. in Bacteriology in 1933. - David Hendricks Bergey
David Hendricks Bergey was an American bacteriologist, born December 27, 1860 in Skippack, Pennsylvania, died September 5, 1937 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He studied at Pennsylvania University, where he obtained his Bachelor of Sciences and Doctor of Medicine degrees in 1884. He practiced medicine until 1893. He then joined the university's hygiene laboratory, where he taught hygiene and bacteriology. He led the laboratory from 1929 until his retirement in 1932. - Camille Guérin
Jean-Marie Camille Guérin (b. December 22, 1872, Poitiers, France; d. June 9, 1961, Paris. French veterinarian, bacteriologist and immunologist who, together with Albert Calmette developed the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a vaccine for immunization against tuberculosis. Camille Guérin was born in Poitiers to a family of modest means. His father died of tuberculosis in 1882 (as well as his wife, in 1918). - Hermann Biggs
Hermann Michael Biggs (September 29, 1859 - June 28, 1923) was an American physician and pioneer in the field of public health who helped apply the science of bacteriology to the prevention and control of infectious diseases. He was born at Trumansburg, N. Y. Educated at Cornell University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, he became lecturer and professor of pathological anatomy in the latter institution in 1885. - August von Wassermann
August Paul von Wassermann was a German bacteriologist. Born in Bamberg, he studied at several universities throughout Germany, and in 1890 began to work under Robert Koch at the Institute for Infectious Diseases at the Charité in Berlin. He developed a complement fixation test for the diagnosis of syphilis in 1906, just one year after the causative organism had been identified. He became head of the department of therapeautics and serum research in 1907. - Emile Duclaux
Emile Duclaux (June 24, 1840 - February 5 1904) was a French biologist and chemist who was born in Aurillac. In 1862 he was an assistant in the laboratory of Louis Pasteur. Later he became a professor in Tours (1865), Clermont-Ferrand (1866), Lyon (1873) and Paris (1878). For much of his career he was associated with the work of Louis Pasteur. Duclaux's work was mainly in the fields of chemistry, bacteriology and agriculture. - Kiyoshi Shiga
"' (7 February 1871–25 January 1951) was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist. Dr. Shiga was born in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture. His original family name was Sato. He graduated from the Medical School of Tokyo Imperial University in 1896, and went to work at the Institute for the Study of Infectious Diseases under Dr Kitasato Shibasaburo. He became famous for the discovery of shigella, the bacillus causing dysentery in 1897. - William Thompson Sedgwick
William Thompson Sedgwick (December 29 1855, West Hartford - January 25 1921, Boston) was a key figure in shaping public health in the United States. William T. Sedgwick completed his college education at the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale University in 1877 and received his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1881. He taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) from 1883 until his death in 1921, aged 65, initially as Associate Professor (1884), … - Aldo Castellani
Aldo Castellani (8 September 1874 - October 3, 1971) was an Italian pathologist and bacteriologist. - Adrien Loir
Adrien Loir (December 15, 1862 - 1941) was a French bacteriologist who was born in Lyon. He was a nephew of Louis Pasteur and for much of his career was associated with the Pasteur Institute in Paris. From 1882-1888 Loir was an assistant in Pasteur's laboratory where he performed research on swine fever. In 1886 he installed the first anti-rabies clinic in St. Petersburg. Between 1888 and 1893 he made two journeys to Australia to research anthrax and pleropneumonia. - Jean Joseph Henri Toussaint
Jean Joseph Henri Toussaint (April 30, 1847 - August 3, 1890) was a French veterinary physician who was born in the department of Vosges. In 1869 he received his diploma from the school of veterinary medicine in Lyon. In 1876, he was appointed professor of anatomy, physiology and zoology at the school of veterinary medicine in Toulouse. Toussaint is remembered for his contributions in bacteriology. - Edmond Nocard
Edmond Nocard, was a French veterinarian and microbiologist, born in Provins (Seine-et-Marne, France). Nocard studied veterinary medicine from 1868 to 1871 and (after a brief service in the Army) from 1871 to 1873 in the École Vétérinaire de Maisons-Alfort. From 1873 to 1878 he was hired as Head of Clinical Service at the same school, working with Dumesnil. In 1876 he is charged with the creation of a new journal, the "Archives Vétérinaires". - Henry Cotton
Henry Andrews Cotton, M.D. (1876-May 1933) was an American psychiatrist and the medical director of New Jersey State Hospital at Trenton (previously named "New Jersey State Lunatic Asylum", now known as "Trenton Psychiatric Hospital") in Trenton, New Jersey between 1907 and 1930. He embraced the promising concept of scientific medicine that was emerging among physicians at the turn of the twentieth century, … - Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer
Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer (March 27, 1858, (Zduny, Posen, Poland) - 1945 (Bad Landbeck)) was a German physician and bacteriologist. Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer is remembered for his many fundamental discoveries in immunology and bacteriology, particularly for the phenomenon of bacteriolysis. In 1894 he found that live cholera bacteria could be injected without ill effects into guinea pigs previously immunised against cholera, … - José Gregorio Hernández
José Gregorio Hernández [er-NAHN-des] (October 25, 1864 - June 29, 1919) was a Venezuelan physician. Born in Isnotú, Trujillo State, Venezuela, he went on to reach legendary status, more so after his death. In 1888 Hernández graduated as a medical doctor in the "Universidad Central de Venezuela", in Caracas. The Venezuelan government awarded him a grant to continue his studies in Europe. - Jean Laigret
Jean Laigret (August 17, 1893 - March 11, 1966) was a French biologist who was born in Blois. For much of his career he was associated with the Pasteur Institute in Brazzaville (1924-1925), Saigon (1927), Dakar (1928), Bamako (1929-1930) and Tunis (1932-1939), (1945-1950). From 1950 until 1960 he was a professor of bacteriology and hygiene at the University of Strasbourg. Laigret is famous for his development in 1932 of a vaccine against yellow fever. - Arvid Lindau
Arvid Lindau was a Swedish pathologist who practiced medicine in Lund, Sweden. During his career he published more than 40 papers on pathology, neurology, and bacteriology. At the Institute of Pathological Anatomy in Lund he wrote an important thesis called "Studien über Kleinhirncysten. Bau, Pathogenese und Beziehungen zur Angiomatosae retinae", in which described the relationship between cerebellar cysts and their correlation to tumors (angiomata) of the retina. - José Reis
José Reis (b. June 12, 1907, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; d. May 16, 2002, São Paulo) was a noted Brazilian scientist, journalist, scientific leader and science writer. Reis studied medicine at the University of Brazil's National Faculty of Medicine (presently Federal University of Rio de Janeiro from 1925 to 1930. After graduation, he started to work from 1928 to 1929 at the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, having decided to specialize in scientific research in virology. - Dudley Benjafield
Joseph Dudley Benjafield, MD was born on 6 August 1887, in Edmonton, London, UK. He attended London University and received his MD from University College Hospital in 1912. Specializing in bacteriology, he served in Egypt during World War I and later used his expertise combating the great flu epidemic of 1919. Benjafield had a passion for motorsports which started with boating, but moved on to automobiles in the 1920s, … - John Martin Thomas
John Martin Thomas (December 27, 1869 - 26 February 1952) was the ninth president of Middlebury College, the ninth president of Penn State, and the twelfth president of Rutgers University. Born at Fort Covington, New York, Thomas was a graduate of Middlebury College, and the Union Theological Seminary. He served as a pastor at the Arlington Avenue Presbyterian Church in East Orange, New Jersey from 1893 to 1908. In 1908, he was appointed President of Middlebury College. - Victor André Cornil
Victor André Cornil, also André-Victor Cornil was a French pathologist who was a professor at the University of Paris. He received his doctorate in Paris in 1860, and was later a member of the Académie Nationale de Médecine. Cornil was a renowned professor of pathological anatomy, and is also remembered for his work in the fields of bacteriology, histology and microscopic anatomy. - Paul Grawitz
Paul Albert Grawitz (born October 1, 1850, Zerrin/Sierzno, Kreis Bütow ("cf.Bütow/Bytów"), Pommern (now Poland) - June 27, 1932, Greifswald) was a German pathologist. While he studied medicine at the University of Berlin, he was an assistant to pathologist Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow (1821-1902). After graduation he continued as assistant to Virchow until 1886. He taught as a professor at the University of Greifswald from (1886 - 1921), … - Lydia Rabinowitsch-Kempner
Lydia Rabinowitsch-Kempner (born at Kovno, Russian Empire, currently Kaunas, Lithuania, August 22, 1871-August 3, 1935) was an American physician. She was educated at the girls' gymnasium of her native city, and privately in Latin and Greek, subsequently studying natural sciences at the universities of Zurich and Bern (M.D.). After graduation she went to Berlin, … - Herbert Ley Jr.
Herbert L. Ley Jr., M.D. (September 7 1923—July 22 2001) was an American physician and government official. He attended Harvard College from 1941-1943, and returned there after World War II, where he received his M.D. degree, "cum laude", in 1946. In 1951, he earned an Master of Public Health degree from the Harvard School of Public Health. From 1951 until 1958, he worked with the Army Medical Service Graduate School in rickettsial disease research, … - Ephraim Anderson
Ephraim Saul "Andy" Anderson (28 October 1911-14 March 2006) was a British bacteriologist, best known for his work highlighting the human health dangers of drug-resistant bacteria created by antibiotics, in particular by low-dose antibiotic use in animal feeding. Anderson was director of the Enteric Reference Laboratory of the Public Health Laboratory Service, between 1954-1978. He was made a fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1968.
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