- Alexander Fleming
Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 - 11 March 1955) was a Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. Fleming published many articles on bacteriology, immunology, and chemotherapy. His best-known achievements are the discovery of the enzyme lysozyme in 1922 and isolation of the antibiotic substance penicillin from the fungus "Penicillium notatum" in 1945, for which he shared a Nobel Prize with Florey and Chain.
- Arthur Kornberg
Arthur Kornberg (born March 3, 1918) is an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for his discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)" together with Dr. Severo Ochoa of New York University. He has also been awarded the Paul-Lewis Laboratories Award in Enzyme Chemistry from the American Chemical Society in 1951, L.H.D. degree from Yeshiva University in 1962, …
- L. Aravind
L. Aravind is a scientist at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, USA, who, together with Eugene Koonin, has been part of projects in computational evolution. Aravind has an Erdös number of 3.. In particular his group claims to have made advances in understanding the emergence of multicellularity, the evolution of DNA replication and repair, RNA metabolism and the natural history of P-loop ATPases.
- Carl Neuberg
Carl Alexander Neuberg (1877-1956) was an early pioneer in biochemistry, and often referred to as the Father of Biochemistry. He was the first editor of the journal "Biochemische Zeitschrift". This journal was founded in 1906 and is now known as the "FEBS Journal". Neuberg was born in Hanover, Germany and studied chemistry at the University of Berlin. In his early work in Germany, he worked on solubility and transport in cells, …
- François Jacob
François Jacob is a Jewish French biologist who, together with Jacques Monod, originated the idea that control of enzyme levels in all cells occurs through feedback on transcription. He won a third of the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1965; it was split between him, Jacques Monod, and André Lwoff.
- Paul D. Boyer
Paul Delos Boyer (b. July 31, 1918) is an U.S. biochemist. He is one of the laureates for the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of A.T.P." Boyer was born in Provo, Utah. He attended Provo High School, where he was active in student government and the debating team. He received a B.S. in chemistry from Brigham Young in 1939 and obtained a Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Scholarship for graduate studies.
- Anselme Payen
Anselme Payen was a French chemist. He was born in Paris, where his father started to give him scientific lessons at the age of 13. He studied then partly at the École Polytechnique with the best chemists. At the age of 20 he became manager of the family borax-refining factory, where he developed a process for synthesizing borax from soda and boric acid. He also invented new processes for refining sugar, a decolorimeter, a way to refine starch and alcohol from potatoes, …
- César Milstein
César Milstein was an Argentine-born scientist who spent most of his life in Great Britain. His major field of research was antibodies. Milstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Niels K. Jerne and Georges Köhler. Milstein was born in Bahia Blanca, Argentina.
- Michael H. Gelb
Professor Michael H. Gelb is a biochemist and chemist specialising in enzymes and particularly those of medical significance. Gelb studied chemistry and biochemistry at the University of California, Davis before taking a Ph.D under Stephen G. Sligar at Yale University on aspects of the catalytic mechanism of cytochrome P450.
- George Wells Beadle
George Wells Beadle (October 22, 1903 - June 9, 1989) was an American scientist in the field of genetics. He shared half of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edward Lawrie Tatum for their discovery that genes act by regulating biochemical events within the cell. The other half of that year's award went to Joshua Lederberg. Beadle and Tatum's key experiments involved exposing the bread mold "Neurospora crassa" to x-rays, causing mutations.
- William Donald Kelley
William Donald Kelley, DDS, MS (November 1, 1925 — January 30, 2005), was an orthodontist and one of the most significant figures in the history of alternative cancer treatments. He developed the Kelley cancer therapy, which was based around large doses of pancreatic enzymes, coffee enemas and a juice diet. Dr. Kelley claimed that he cured himself of pancreatic cancer using this method. Kelley was the author of several books, including a self-help book, …
- Edward Lawrie Tatum
Edward Lawrie Tatum (December 14, 1909 - November 5, 1975) was an American geneticist. He shared half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1958 with George Wells Beadle for showing that genes control individual steps in metabolism. The other half of that year's award went to Joshua Lederberg. Beadle and Tatum's key experiments involved exposing the bread mold "Neurospora crassa" to x-rays, causing mutations.
- Edmond H. Fischer
Dr Edmond H. Fischer is a Swiss-American biochemist. He and his collaborator Edwin G. Krebs were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1992 for describing how reversible phosphorylation works as a switch to activate proteins and regulate various cellular processes. Fischer was born in Shanghai, China. At age 7 he and his two older brothers were sent to the Swiss boarding school La Châtaigneraie, near the home town of his mother, a Mrs Tapernoux, in Vevey.
- John Cornforth
Sir John Warcup 'Kappa' Cornforth FRS (born 7 September 1917), is a scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1975 for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. He has been profoundly deaf since his teens. Cornforth was born in Sydney, Australia, educated at Sydney Boys High School and Sydney University (from 16 years of age) where he met his wife Rita Harradence.
- Walter Fiers
Walter Fiers (b.Ieper ,Belgium, 1931) is a Belgian molecular biologist. He obtained a degree of Engineer for Chemistry and Agricultural Industries at the University of Ghent in 1954, and started his research career as an enzymologist in the laboratory of Laurent Vandendriessche in Ghent. In 1956-57, he worked with Heinz Holter in Copenhagen (Denmark). In 1960, he obtained a fellowship from the Rockefeller Foundation and joined the group of Bob Sinsheimer as a postdoc.
- Stephen Kent
Stephen B. H. Kent is a chemist at the University of Chicago who developed native chemical ligation and also demonstrated the principle that mirror-image amino acids put together to form a protein create a mirror-image protein which, if an enzyme, can catalyze the mirror-image reaction.
- Howard Martin Temin
Howard Martin Temin (December 10, 1934 - February 9, 1994) was a U.S. geneticist. Along with Renato Dulbecco and David Baltimore he discovered reverse transcriptase in the 1970's at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, for which he shared the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Furthermore, he shared the Nobel Prize for describing how tumor viruses act on the genetical material of the cell through reverse transcriptase.
- Marianne Grunberg-Manago
Dr. Marianne Grunberg-Manago, PhD, (born 1921, Saint Petersburg, former Soviet Union) is an eminent French biochemist. Grunberg-Manago was born into a family of artists who adhered to the teachings of the Swiss educational reformer Johann Pestalozzi. When she was 9 months old, her parents emigrated from the Soviet Union to France. Grunberg-Manago studied biochemistry and, in 1955, while working with Spanish-America biochemist Severo Ochoa, …
- Alexander Klibanov
Alexander M. Klibanov , PhD Co-Founder, and Member, Scientific Advisory Board Dr. Klibanov is currently Professor of Chemistry and Bioengineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research interests include enzyme chemistry and biotechnology, protein drug delivery and formulation, stability and stabilization of pharmaceutical proteins, and biochemistry in extreme environments.
- Michael Kearney
Michael Kevin Kearney (born January 18, 1984) is a former child prodigy known for setting several world records, and teaching college at the age of 17. The son of a Japanese mother and a Caucasian father, he was schooled at home by his parents, especially his mother, and accelerated in his academic career. He was diagnosed with ADD and his parents declined to use the offered prescription of Ritalin. He spoke his first words at four months.
- David Chilton Phillips
David Chilton Phillips, Baron Phillips of Ellesmere KBE (born 7 March 1924) is considered to be a founding father of the now expanding field of structural biology and was an influential figure in science and government. Among scientists, he will be remembered as the first person ever to determine in atomic detail the structure of the enzyme lysozyme, which he did in the Davy Faraday Research Laboratories of the Royal Institution in London in 1965.
- Myron L. Bender
Myron L. Bender (1924-1988) was born in St. Louis. He was a professor of Chemistry at Illinois Institute of Technology and then at Northwestern University. He worked primarily in the study of reaction mechanisms and the biochemistry of enzyme action.
- Hamao Umezawa
Hamao Umezawa (1914 - 1986) was a Japanese scientist famous for his discovery of various antimicrobial agents as well as enzyme inhibitor drugs. Umezawa completed his medical degree in 1937. After serving in Japanese army during World War II Umezawa did work on tuberculosis which led to his discovery, in 1956, of antibiotic kanamycin.
- Aleksandr Oparin
Alexander Ivanovich Oparin (April 21, 1980) was a Soviet biochemist and author of the theory of the origin of life. His other major works were in fields of biochemical grounds for vegetable raw material processing and enzyme reactions in plant cells. He showed that many food production processes are based on the biocatalysis and developed foundations of the industrial biochemistry in the USSR.
- Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (born on July 19, 1921) is an American medical physicist, and a co-winner of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her development of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. Born Rosalyn Sussman in New York City to Simon Sussman and Clara Zipper, she attended Walton High School and graduated in 1941 from Hunter College, where she developed an interest in physics.
- Rodney Robert Porter
Rodney Robert Porter (8 October 1917 - 7 September 1985) was an English biochemist. Born in Newton-le-Willows, St Helens, Lancashire, England, Rodney Robert Porter received his Bachelors of Sciences--with Honours--from the University of Liverpool in 1939 for Biochemistry, going on to receive his Ph. D. in the field from the University of Cambridge in 1948. He worked for the National Institute of Medical Research for eleven years (1949-1960) before joining St.
- Israel Hanukoglu
Israel Hanukoglu - Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Former Science and Technology Adviser to the Prime Minister of Israel (1996-1999). Founder of Israel Science and Technology Homepage. Hanukoglu was awarded Hans Lindner Prize (1988), and Lubell Award (1991) for his elucidation of the structures of NAD/NADP coenzyme binding enzyme families, …
- Joseph Owades
Joseph L. Owades was one of the preëminent figures in the world of beer. He used his curiosity and ingenuity to advance the art and science of brewing in many areas: improving analytical techniques and quality control; developing the first "light" beer and the novel process for making it; creating many new, unique, and successful specialty beers; and passing on his knowledge and love of brewing through teaching and mentoring. Born in Manhattan and raised in the Bronx, …
- Mikhail Volkenshtein
Mikhail Vladimirovich Volkenshtein (October 23, 1912 - February 18, 1992) was a notable Russian biophysicist, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr.Sci., Professor. He was Head of the Department of the Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor of the Moscow State University, member of the Editorial Board of the Journal "Molekuliarnaya Biologia" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, …
- John Fincham
John Robert Stanley Fincham FRS FRSE (11 August 1926 - February 9 2005) was a noted British geneticist who made important contributions to biochemical genetics and microbial genetics. Perhaps most notably, he obtained the first direct evidence for the "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis. He accomplished this considerable feat using mutants of Neurospora crassa deficient in a specific enzyme. Fincham was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he read Natural Sciences.
- Marvin Makinen
Marvin W. Makinen has been a member of the faculty at The University of Chicago since 1974 and is a founding member of the Human Rights Board. He is presently Professor in the Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and has served as chairman of the department from 1988 to 1993. His primary research interests in molecular biophysics and biochemistry are in mechanisms of enzymes and the structural basis of enzyme action.
- Augustin Nicolas Gilbert
Augustin Nicolas Gilbert was a French physician who was born in the town of Buzancy. He received his doctorate from the University of Paris and became an intern at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris. He later was a professor of therapeutics (1902) and clinical medicine (1905) at Hôtel-Dieu. Gilbert was known for his research of blood diseases, diabetes, syphilis, cirrhosis and other disorders. He published many articles and books on a wide array of medical subjects.
- Berwind P. Kaufmann
Berwind P. Kaufmann (1897-1975) was an important American biologist. After starting off as a botanist looking at plant chromosomes, …
- Alexander Sergeevich Spirin
Alexander Sergeevich Spirin (Russian: Александр Сергеевич Спирин) (born September 4, 1931) is a Russian biochemist, professor of Moscow State University, and director of Protein Research Institute (Puschino, Moscow Oblast). His primary scientific interests reside in the field of biochemistry of nucleic acids, and protein biosynthesis. In 1957 together with Andrey Nikolayevich Belozersky he conducted comparative analysis of bacterial DNA and RNA, …
- José Moura Gonçalves
José Moura Gonçalves, Brazilian physician, biomedical scientist, biochemist and educator, one of the pioneers of biochemistry in the country. Moura Gonçalves studied medicine in Belo Horizonte. While a student, he began to work as an assistant in the laboratory of physiological chemistry of professor José Baeta Vianna.
- Henrick Kacser
Dr. Henrik Kacser (1918-1995) was a physical chemist.
- Jan Boldingh
Jan Boldingh was a noted Dutch chemist. He received his PhD at Utrecht University with Prof. Gerrit Veldink in 1971 with a thesis on the ‘Formation and conversion of unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides by plant enzymes’.
- Patricia Enzyme
- Ann Lapierre - Enzyme
- Graham Enzyme