- Linus Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 - August 19, 1994) was an American quantum chemist and biochemist. He was also acknowledged as a crystallographer, molecular biologist, and medical researcher. Pauling is widely regarded as the premier chemist of the twentieth century. He pioneered the application of quantum mechanics to chemistry, and in 1954 was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work describing the nature of chemical bonds.
- Isaac Asimov
Dr. Isaac Asimov (c. January 2, 1920- April 6, 1992, was a Russian-born American Jewish author and biochemist, a highly successful and exceptionally prolific writer best known for his works of science fiction and for his popular science books. Asimov's most famous work is the Foundation Series, which was part of one of his two major series, the Galactic Empire Series, later merged with his other famous story arc, the Robot series.
- Arthur Kornberg
Arthur Kornberg (born March 3, 1918) is an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for his discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)" together with Dr. Severo Ochoa of New York University. He has also been awarded the Paul-Lewis Laboratories Award in Enzyme Chemistry from the American Chemical Society in 1951, L.H.D. degree from Yeshiva University in 1962, …
- Lindsay Baglini
- Renuka Ikki
- Paul Berg
Paul Berg (born June 30, 1926 in Brooklyn, New York, USA) is an American biochemist and professor emeritus at Stanford University. He graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1943, received his B.S. in biochemistry from Penn State University in 1948 and Ph.D. in biochemistry from Case Western Reserve University in 1952. In 1980 he shared half of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry with the team of Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger.
- Kary Mullis
Kary Banks Mullis, Ph.D. (born December 28, 1944) is an American biochemist and Nobel laureate. Dr Mullis was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 for his development of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a central technique in biochemistry and molecular biology which allows the amplification of specified DNA sequences. Dr Mullis subsequently was awarded the Japan Prize that same year.
- Otto Warburg
Otto Warburg (1859-1938), was a botanist and industrial agriculture expert and an active member of the World Zionist Organization, which worked toward the re-establishment of Israel. He later served as the WZO's President from 1911-21. Otto Warburg is not be confused with his distant cousin of the same name Otto Heinrich Warburg the biochemist, physiologist, medical doctor and Nobel laureate. The Nobel laureate Warburg is also the namesake of the Warburg effect.
- Walter Gilbert
Walter Gilbert (born March 21, 1932) is an American physicist, biochemist,and molecular biology pioneer. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and educated at the Sidwell Sunny School, Harvard University and the University of Cambridge, later joining the faculty at Harvard. Together with Allan Maxam he developed a new DNA sequencing method.
- Gerty Cori
Dr. Gerty Theresa Cori, née Radnitz was an American biochemist born in Prague (then Austria-Hungary) who, together with her husband Carl Ferdinand Cori and Argentine physiologist Bernardo Houssay, received a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947 for their discovery of how glycogen (animal starch) - a derivative of glucose - is broken down and resynthesized in the body, for use as a store and source of energy.
- Christian de Duve
Christian René de Duve is an internationally acclaimed cytologist and biochemist. De Duve was born in Thames-Ditton, Britain, as a son of Belgian emigrants. They returned to Belgium in 1920. De Duve was educated by the Jesuits at Onze-Lieve-Vrouwecollege in Antwerp, before studying at the Catholic University of Leuven, where he became a professor in 1947. He specialized in subcellular biochemistry and cell biology and discovered peroxisomes and lysosomes, cell organelles.
- Julius Axelrod
Julius Axelrod (May 30, 1912 - December 29 2004) was an American biochemist. He won a share of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 along with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler. The Nobel Committee honored him for his work on the release and reuptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters, a class of chemicals in the brain that include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and, as was later discovered, dopamine.
- Gertrude B. Elion
Gertrude Belle Elion (January 23, 1918 - February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist, and a 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Born in New York City to Jewish immigrant parents, she graduated from Hunter College in 1937 and New York University (M.Sc.) in 1941. Unable to obtain a graduate research position due to her sex, she worked as a lab assistant and a high school teacher, …
- Hans Adolf Krebs
Sir Hans Adolf Krebs was a German, later British medical doctor and biochemist. Krebs is best known for his identification of two important metabolic cycles: the urea cycle and the citric acid cycle. The latter, the key sequence of metabolic chemical reactions that produces energy in cells, is also known as the "Krebs cycle" and earned him a Nobel Prize in 1953.
- Selman Waksman
Selman Abraham Waksman (22 July 1888 - 16 August 1973) was an Ukrainian-American biochemist and microbiologist whose research into organic substances-largely into organisms that live in soil-and their decomposition lead to the discovery of Streptomycin, and several other antibiotics. A professor of biochemistry and microbiology at Rutgers University for four decades, …
- Merrill Garnett
Merrill Garnett is a biochemist and cancer researcher, and the founder and director of Garnett McKeen Laboratory, Inc. Holding a D.D.S. from New York University, and graduate study in chemistry and biochemistry, Dr. Garnett has had research laboratories at the Central Islip State Hospital, Waldemar Medical Research Foundation, Northport Veterans' Administration Medical Center, and the High Technology Incubator of The State University of New York at Stony Brook. Dr.
- Martin Rodbell
Martin Rodbell (December 1, 1925 - December 7, 1998) was an American biochemist and molecular endocrinologist who is best known for his discovery of G-proteins. He shared the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Alfred G. Gilman for "their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
- Stanley B. Prusiner
Stanley Ben Prusiner (born May 28, 1942) is an American neurologist and biochemist. Currently the director of the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Prusiner discovered prions, a class of infectious self-reproducing pathogens solely composed of protein. For his prion research he received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1994 and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1997.
- Fritz Albert Lipmann
Fritz Albert Lipmann was a German-American biochemist and a co-discoverer in 1945 of coenzyme A. For this, together with other research on coenzyme A, he was awarded half the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1953. Lipmann was born in Königsberg, Germany (now Kaliningrad, Russia) to a Jewish family. Lipmann studied medicine at the University of Königsberg, Berlin, and Munich, graduating in Berlin in 1924.
- Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, OM, FRS (12 May 1910 - 29 July 1994) was a British founder of protein crystallography. She pioneered the technique of X-ray crystallography, a method used to determine the three dimensional structures of biomolecules. Among her most influential discoveries are the determination of the structure of penicillin, insulin, and vitamin B12 for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- Mary G. Enig
Dr Mary Gertrude Enig (born 1931) is a nutritionist and biochemist, researching the nutritional aspects of fats. She is a consultant, clinician, and the director of the Nutritional Sciences Division of Enig Associates, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland. Dr. Enig, a consultant on nutrition to individuals, industry, and state and federal governments, is a licensed practitioner in Maryland and the District of Columbia.
- Roger D. Kornberg
Roger David Kornberg (born April 24, 1947) is an American biochemist and professor of structural biology at Stanford University School of Medicine. Kornberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006 "for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription" which explains the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied to RNA. His father, Arthur Kornberg, who is also a professor at Stanford University, …
- Konrad Emil Bloch
Konrad Emil Bloch (b. January 21 1912 - October 15 2000) was a German American biochemist.
- Christian B. Anfinsen
Dr. Christian Boehmer Anfinsen, Jr. (March 26, 1916 - May 14, 1995) was a biochemist and a 1972 Nobel Prize winner for work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation (see Anfinsen's dogma). Anfinsen was born in Monessen, Pennsylvania to a Norwegian American family. He earned a bachelor's degree from Swarthmore College in 1937, …
- Otto Fritz Meyerhof
Otto Fritz Meyerhof (April 12, 1884 - October 6, 1951), German-born physician and biochemist. Meyerhof was born in Hannover as the son of wealthy Jewish parents. He spent most of his childhood in Berlin, where he later started studying medicine. He continued these studies in Strasbourg and Heidelberg, and graduated in 1909, with a work titled "Contributions to the psychological Theory of mental illness". In Heidelberg, he met Hedwig Schallenberg, who later became his wife.
- Akira Endo
Dr Akira Endo (born 14 November 1933) is a Japanese biochemist whose work on fungi and cholesterol led to the development of the highly successful class of statin drugs. He was awarded the 22nd Japan Prize (together with climatologist John T. Houghton) in 2006 for his achievements.
- Luis Federico Leloir
Luis Federico Leloir was an Argentine doctor and biochemist who received the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Along with Mario Molina, he is one of the first two Hispanic scientists to ever receive the award. Although born in France, Leloir received the majority of his education at the University of Buenos Aires and was director of the private research group Fundación Instituto Campomar until his death in 1987.
- Phoebus Levene
Phoebus Aaron Theodore Levene, M.D. (25 February,1869 - 6 September, 1940) was a biochemist who analyzed DNA and found that it contained adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. He was born into a Jewish family as "Fishel Aaronovich Levin" in Sagor in Lithuania, Russia but grew up in St. Petersburg (Petrograd). There he studied medicine at the Imperial Military Medical Academy (M.D., 1891) and developed an interest in biochemistry.
- Carl Neuberg
Carl Alexander Neuberg (1877-1956) was an early pioneer in biochemistry, and often referred to as the Father of Biochemistry. He was the first editor of the journal "Biochemische Zeitschrift". This journal was founded in 1906 and is now known as the "FEBS Journal". Neuberg was born in Hanover, Germany and studied chemistry at the University of Berlin. In his early work in Germany, he worked on solubility and transport in cells, …
- Hans Kornberg
Sir Hans Leo Kornberg, FRS (born 14 January 1928) is a British biologist. German born, he gained his BSc and PhD degrees from the University of Sheffield, where he collaborated with Sir Hans Krebs to produce "Energy Transformations in Living Matter" (1957). From 1960 to 1975 he held the Chair in Biochemistry at the University of Leicester. He held the Sir William Dunn Chair of the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Cambridge 1975–1995, …
- Lavoslav Ružička
Lavoslav (Leopold) Stjepan Ružička was a winner of the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, the first one from Croatia. He holds eight honorary doctorates (4 Science, 2 Medicine, 1 Natural Sciences, 1 Law), 7 prizes and medals, and 24 honorary memberships in chemical, biochemical, and other scientific societies.
- Robert Corey
Robert Corey is a little known scientist, mostly known for his helping Linus Pauling discover the α-helix and the β-sheet in the spring of 1951. Also working with Pauling was Herman Branson. Their discoveries were remarkably correct, with even the bond lengths being accurate until about 40 years later. The α-helix and β-sheet are two structures that are now known to form the backbones of many proteins.
- Zheng Ji
Zheng Ji is a nutritionist and a pioneering biochemist from Nanxi, Sichuan. He is considered the founder of modern nutrition science in China. In 1924 Zheng Ji passed the entrance exam for the Southeast National University (originally known as the Nanjing Advanced Normal School), moving in 1928 to the National Central University, then to the Nanjing University) biology department in 1929. In 1930 he went to America to study, majoring in biochemistry at Ohio State.
- Mildred Cohn
Mildred Cohn (born 1913 in New York City) is a retired biochemist. She graduated from high school at 14 and went on to receive her Bachelor's from Hunter College in 1931, her master's in 1932 from Columbia University, and her PhD in Physical Chemistry in 1938. She would also edit the "Journal of Biological Chemistry" for ten years. She has written 160 papers with isotopes and ATP being a prime area of research for her.
- Martin Kamen
Martin David Kamen (August 27, 1913, Toronto - August 31, 2002), was co-discoverer (with Sam Ruben) of the isotope carbon-14 on February 27, 1940, at the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley.
- Joan Oró
Joan Oró i Florensa was a Spanish Catalan biochemist whose research has been of importance in understanding the origin of life. Oró was born in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, on October 26 1923. From the 1960s he worked with NASA on the Viking missions which explored the planet Mars. His work was essential in the analysis of samples of Martian soil, and suggested that there was in fact no life on Mars.
- Christopher Chetsanga
Christopher J Chetsanga (born 1935 in Murewa district, Zimbabwe) is a pre-eminent Zimbabwean scientist.
- Evangelina Villegas
Evangelina Villegas (born 1924) is a Mexican cereal biochemist whose work with maize led to the development of high-quality protein maize (QPM). She and her colleague, Dr. Surinder Vasal, shared the 2000 World Food Prize for this achievement.
- Jean Brachet
Jean Louis Auguste Brachet was a Belgian biochemist who made a key contribution in understanding the role of RNA. Brachet was born in Etterbeek and he studied medicine at the University of Brussels graduating in 1934. He then worked at the University of Cambridge and at Princeton University and at several institutes of marine biological research.
- Conrad Elvehjem
Conrad A. Elvehjem, was internationally known as a biochemist in nutrition. In 1937 he identified a molecule found in fresh meat and yeast as a new vitamin, nicotinic acid, now called niacin. His discovery led directly to the cure of human pellagra, once a major health problem in the United States. Picking up on the work of Joseph Goldberger, he found that nicotinic acid cured black tongue in dogs, an analogous disease to pellagra.