- Matilda Of Tuscany
Matilda of Canossa (Italian: "Matilde", Latin: "Mathilde"; 1046 - 24 July 1115), called la Gran Contessa or the Great Countess, was the principal Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy, and is one of the few medieval women to be remembered for her military accomplishments. She is called "of Canossa" after the ancestral family castle of Canossa, … - Christina, Grand Duchess Of Tuscany
by Frans Pourbus the Younger.]]Christina of Lorraine or Chretienne de Lorraine (16 August 1565 - 19 December 1637), born in Nancy, was the daughter of Charles III of Lorraine (1543-1608) and his wife Claude of Valois (1547-1575), and grand-daughter of Catherine de' Medici. On 3 May 1589 she married Ferdinando I de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, thereby becoming Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany. - Archduke Sigismund, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Archduke Sigismund of Austria, Titular Grand Duke of Tuscany "(Sigismund Otto Maria Josef Gottfried Henrich Erik Leopold Ferdinand von Habsburg-Lothringen)" Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, (born 21 April 1966 in Lausanne). Sigismund is the son of Archduke Leopold Franz and Princess Laetitia of Arenberg; he is the current head of the Tuscan branch of the Habsburg dynasty. - Cosimo I De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Cosimo I de' Medici (June 12, 1519 - April 21, 1574) was Duke of Florence from 1537 to 1574, reigning as the first Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1569 - Ferdinando Ii De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (14 July 1610 - 23 May 1670) ruled as Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the son of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Magadalena of Austria. His father died when he was only 11, so his mother acted as regent when he ascended the throne. He took the reins of government himself in 1628, but he was unable to maintain the independence of Tuscany from foreign powers and the Church. - Boniface III of Tuscany III of Tuscany
Boniface III (also "Boniface IV" or "Boniface of Canossa"; c. 985 - 6 May 1052), the father of Matilda of Canossa, was the most powerful north Italian prince of his age. By inheritance he was Count (or lord) of Brescia, Canossa, Ferrara, Florence, Lucca, Mantua, Modena, Pisa, Pistoia, Parma, Reggio, and Verona from 1007 and, by appointment, Margrave of Tuscany from 1027 until his assassination in 1052. - Gian Gastone De' Medici, Grand Duke Tuscany
Gian Gastone de' Medici was the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany (1723-1737) and the last direct scion of the line of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, except for his sister Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici. - Francesco I De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (25 March 1541 - 17 October 1587) was the second Grand Duke of Tuscany, ruling from 1574 to 1587. - Cosimo Ii De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (12 May 1590 - 28 February 1621) ruled as Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 to 1621. He was the oldest son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christine of Lorraine. - Cosimo Iii De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (14 August 1642 - 31 October 1723) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1670 to 1723. - Ferdinando I De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany
Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (30 July 1549 - 17 February 1609) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1587 to 1609, having succeeded his older brother Francesco I. Ferdinando was the fifth son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Eleonora di Toledo (1519-62), the daughter of Don Pedro Alvarez de Toledo, the Spanish viceroy of Naples. He was created a Cardinal in 1562 at the age of 14 and succeeded his brother Francesco I de' Medici, … - Hugh Of Tuscany
Hugh the Great (also "Hugo" or "Ugo"; c. 950-21 December 1001) was the margrave of Tuscany from 961 to his death and duke of Spoleto and Camerino from 989 to 996. He was the son and successor of Humbert of Tuscany, who was also briefly Duke of Spoleto, and Willa, a daughter of Boniface I of Spoleto. He himself was married to Judith and had a daughter Willa. - Lambert Of Tuscany
Lambert (died after 938) was the second son of Adalbert II of Tuscany and Bertha, daughter of Lothair II of Lotharingia. He succeeded his elder brother, Guy, as count and duke of Lucca and margrave of Tuscany on his death in 928 or 929 without heirs. In 931, before 17 October, Hugh, King of Italy, disowned and removed Lambert, giving Tuscany and the familial possession of Lucca to his brother Boso. Hugh was Guy and Lambert's half-brother, as they had the same mother. - Adalbert II of Tuscany II of Tuscany
Adalbert II (c. 875-915), called the Rich, son and successor of Adalbert I of Tuscany, and grandson of Boniface II, was much concerned in the troubles of Lombardy, at a time when so many princes were contending for the wrecks of the Carolingian Empire. Before his father died in 884 or 886, he is accredited the title of "count". He inherited from his father the titles of count and duke of Lucca and margrave of Tuscany. - Adalbert I of Tuscany I of Tuscany
Adalbert I (c. 820 - 886) was the margrave of Tuscany from about 847. He was the son of Margrave Boniface II, who had been despoiled of his fiefs by the Emperor Lothair I, and successor of his elder brother Aganus. The reign of Adalbert was long and successful. He took the side of Carloman, King of Bavaria, against Charles the Bald, King of France, in the struggle for the Kingdom of Italy. This even though the latter was supported by the pope. - Guy Of Tuscany
Guy (also "Guido" or "Wido", died 929) was the count and duke of Lucca and margrave of Tuscany from 915, the death of his father Adalbert II, to his own death. He was originally under the regency of his mother Bertha, daughter of Lothair II of Lotharingia, until 916. He kept court at Mantua around the year 920. In 924 or 925, he became the second husband of Marozia, "senatrix patricia Romanorum". - Boso Of Tuscany
Boso (885-936) was the count of Arles (895-911 and 926-931, as Boso II) and Avignon (911-931), and margrave of Tuscany (931-936). He was the younger son of Theobald of Arles and Bertha, illegitimate daughter of Lothair II of Lotharingia. His elder brother was Hugh, king of Italy. Boso supported his brother's Italian designs. Hugh responded by appointing him margrave of Tuscany when he deposed Lambert in 931. - Frederick Of Tuscany
Boniface IV Frederick (died July 1055) was the only son of Boniface III of Tuscany and Beatrice of Bar. He was young when his father died on 6 May 1052 and he inherited the great north Italian margraviate. His mother served as his regent until 1054, when she married Godfrey, former duke of Lower Lorraine. Godfrey was a traitor to Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, and thus the marriage was considered traitorous. In 1055, Henry held a court at Florence and arrested Beatrice, … - Maria Theresia Of Tuscany
Archduchess Maria Theresia Josepha Charlotte Johanna of Austria (January 14 1767 - November 7 1827) was the second wife of King Anthony Clement of Saxony. Maria Theresia was born in Florence, Italy, the eldest child of Grand Duke Peter Leopold of Tuscany (later Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor) and of his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain. - Willa Of Tuscany
Willa, daughter of Boso of Tuscany and Willa, was the wife and queen consort of Berengar II of Italy. She was the mother of Adalbert, Guy, and Conrad. She mistreated Adelaide when Berengar held her captive for several months in 951. The chronicler Liutprand of Cremona, raised at the court at Pavia, gives several particularly vivid accounts of Willa's character. After Berengar's deposition, she was held captive in a German nunnery. - Frances Mayes
Frances Mayes (born 1940) is an American university professor, poet, memoirist, essayist, and novelist. Born in Fitzgerald, Georgia, and raised in south central Georgia, Mayes attended Randolph-Macon Woman's College in Lynchburg, Virginia, and obtained her BA from the University of Florida. In 1975 she earned her MA from San Francisco State University, where she eventually became Professor of Creative Writing, director of The Poetry Center, … - Paolo Nutini
Paolo Giovanni Nutini (born 9 January 1987) is a singer/songwriter from Paisley, Scotland. His father is of Italian descent, from Barga, Tuscany and his mother is Scottish, although his father's family have been in Scotland for four generations. His influences include The Beatles, David Bowie, Damien Rice, Oasis, U2, Van Morrison, Pink Floyd and Fleetwood Mac. - Luca Signorelli
Luca Signorelli (c. 1445 - October 16, 1523) was a Italian Renaissance painter. He was noted in particular for his ability as a draughtsman and his use of foreshortening. His massive frescoes of the "Last Judgment" (1499-1503) in Orvieto Cathedral are considered his masterpiece. - Francesco Redi
Francesco Redi (February 18/19, 1626-March 1, 1697) was an Italian physician. Born in Arezzo, Tuscany, he is most well-known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as one of the first steps in refuting "spontaneous generation" - a theory also known as Aristotelian abiogenesis. At the time, prevailing wisdom was that maggots formed naturally from rotting meat. In the experiment, Redi took three jars and put meat in each. - Vittorio Fossombroni
Vittorio, count Fossombroni (1754-1844) was a Tuscan statesman and engineer born at Arezzo. He was educated at the University of Pisa, where he devoted himself particularly to mathematics. He obtained an official appointment in Tuscany in 1782, and twelve years later was entrusted by the grand duke with the direction of the works for the drainage of the marshy Valdichiana, one of the four vallies around Arezzo, on which subject he had published a treatise in 1789. - Jan van Eyck
Jan van Eyck or Johannes de Eyck (c. 1385 - July 9, 1441) was a 15th century Early Netherlandish painter who lived in the then Duchy of Burgundy and is considered one of the great painters of the late Middle Ages. It is a common misconception, which dates back to the sixteenth-century writings of the Tuscan historiographer Giorgio Vasari, that Jan van Eyck created oil painting. It is however true that he achieved, or perfected, … - Francesco Zuccarelli
Francesco Zuccarelli (15 august 1702 - december 30, 1788) was an Italian Rococo painter He was born at Pitigliano, in southern Tuscany, where he initially apprenticed with Paolo Anesi. He then worked in Rome with Giorgio Morandi, Pietro Nelli, and perhaps Andrea Locatelli. In 1732, he settled Venice, he became famous as one of the most desired landscape painters of the classicizing 18th century. - Totila
Totila (died Jul 1 552) was king of the Ostrogoths from 541 until his death. - Bernardo Rossellino
Bernardo di Matteo Gamberelli (1409 - 1464), better known as Bernardo Rossellino, was a Italian sculptor and architect, the elder brother of the painter Antonio Rossellino. - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Leopold II (October 3, 1797 - January 29, 1870), of Habsburg-Lorraine, was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1824 until 1859. - Eleonora di Toledo
Eleonora di Toledo was a Spanish noblewoman who was Duchess of Florence from 1539. She is credited with being the first modern style first lady, or consort. Eleonora was born in Toledo, the only daughter of the Viceroy of Naples, the Marquess of Villafranca, Don Pedro Álvarez de Toledo - Charles V's lieutenant-governor. {A son of the 2nd Duke of AlbaBecause men from family Alvarez de Toledo frequently took wives from the Jewish converso aristocracy, … - Luca Pacioli
Fra Luca Bartolomeo de Pacioli (sometimes "Paciolo") (1445-1514 or 1517) was an Italian mathematician and Franciscan friar, collaborator with Leonardo da Vinci, and seminal contributor to the field now known as accounting. He was also called Luca di Borgo after his birthplace, Borgo Santo Sepolcro, Tuscany. - Carlo Collodi
Carlo Collodi (November 24, 1826 in Florence, Italy - october 26, 1890 in Florence), born Carlo Lorenzini. During the Wars of Independence in 1848 and 1860 Collodi served as a volunteer with the Tuscan army. His active interest in political matters may be seen in his earliest literary works as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper "Il Lampione". - Bianca Cappello
Bianca Cappello (1548 - October 17 1587) was a Grand Duchess of Tuscany - Desiderius
Desiderius (also known as "Daufer" or "Dauferius"; "Didier" in French and "Desiderio" in Italian) was the last king of the Lombard Kingdom of northern Italy. He is chiefly known for his connection to Charlemagne, who married his daughter and conquered his realm. He was originally a royal officer, the "dux Langobardorum et comes stabuli", … - Brunetto Latini
Brunetto Latini (c. 1220-1294), who signed his name "Burnectus Latinus" in Latin and "Burnecto Latino" in Italian, was an Italian philosopher, scholar and statesman. He was born in Florence, the son of Buonaccorso Latini. He belonged to the Guelph party. After the disaster of Montaperti, which took place while he was on embassy to Alfonso el Sabio of Castile to seek help for Florence against the Sienese, he took refuge for some years (1260-1266) in France, … - Giovanni Villani
Giovanni Villani ("ca" 1275-1348), the Florentine writer of the famous chronicles (the "Cronica") is the greatest Italian chronicler of his own times and the cornerstone of the early medieval history of Florence. His interest in economic details makes him the most modern of the late medieval chroniclers. Villani was born into the Florentine merchant middle class, the son of Villano di Stoldo, … - Pietro Bembo
Pietro Bembo (May 20, 1470 - 18 January, 1547), Italian cardinal and scholar. He was born in Venice and while still a boy he accompanied his father to Florence, and there acquired a love for that Tuscan form of speech which he afterwards cultivated in preference to the language of his native city. Having completed his studies, which included two years' devotion to Greek under Lascaris at Messina, he chose the ecclesiastical profession. - Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III was Grand Duke of Tuscany, (1790-1801; 1814-1824). He was also the Prince-elector and Grand Duke of Salzburg (1803-1806) and Grand Duke of Würzburg (1806-1814). Ferdinand was born in Florence, Tuscany. He was the son of Leopold, then Grand-Duke of Tuscany, and his wife infanta Maria Louisa of Spain. When his father was elected Emperor in 1790, Ferdinand succeeded him as Grand Duke of Tuscany. - Cesare Casella
Cesare Casella, born on 3/1/1960, is an acclaimed Italian chef who grew up among the pots and pans of Vipore, the small trattoria his parents, Rosa and Pietro, owned outside of Lucca, Italy. At age 14, Cesare enrolled in the Culinary Institute Ferdinando Martini, in Montecatini, and sharpened his practical cooking skills while studying the history of food.
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