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  1. Ludwig Wittgenstein

    Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (April 26, 1889 in Vienna, Austria - April 29, 1951 in Cambridge, England) was an Austrian philosopher who contributed several ground-breaking ideas to philosophy, primarily in the foundations of logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind. His influence has been wide-ranging, placing him among the most significant philosophers of the 20th century.

  2. Peter Wittgenstein

    Prince Peter Khristianovich Wittgenstein (January 17 (January 6), 1769, Pereslavl-Zalessky - June 11, 1843, Lemberg) was a Russian Field Marshal distinguished for his services in the Napoleonic wars. Born Count Ludwig Adolf Peter of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Ludwigsburg, he was descended from a family of independent counts whose seat was in Berleburg.

  3. Karl Wittgenstein

    Karl Wittgenstein (b. April 8, 1847 in Gohlis near Leipzig; d. January 20, 1913 in Vienna) was an entrepreneur.

  4. Paul Wittgenstein

    Paul Wittgenstein (May 11, 1887 - March 3, 1961) was an Austrian-born pianist. He became an American citizen in 1946. He lost his right arm in World War I, but continued to give concerts playing with only his left arm, and commissioned several works from prominent composers.

  5. Donald Davidson

    Donald Herbert Davidson (March 6, 1917 - August 30, 2003) was an American philosopher, who served as Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1981 to 2003, after having also held substantive teaching appointments at Stanford University, Rockefeller University, Princeton University and the University of Chicago. His work has exerted considerable influence in nearly all areas of philosophy from the 1960s onward, …

  6. Gilbert Ryle

    Gilbert Ryle (Brighton, 19 August 1900-Oxford, 6 October 1976), was a philosopher, and a representative of the generation of British ordinary language philosophers influenced by Wittgenstein's insights into language, and is principally known for his critique of Cartesian dualism, for which he coined the phrase "the ghost in the machine".

  7. J. L. Austin

    John Langshaw Austin was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory and terminology of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford University. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford.

  8. Simon Blackburn

    Simon Blackburn (born 1944) is a British academic philosopher also known for his efforts to popularise philosophy. He attended Clifton College and went on to receive his bachelor's degree in Moral Sciences (i.e. philosophy) in 1965 from Trinity College, Cambridge. He is currently Professor of Philosophy at Cambridge University, a position formerly held by such philosophers as Elizabeth Anscombe, G.H. Von Wright, Wittgenstein, and G.E. Moore, and a fellow of Trinity College, …

  9. Anthony Kenny

    Sir Anthony John Patrick Kenny FBA (born Liverpool, 16 March 1931) is an English philosopher whose interests lie in the philosophy of mind, ancient and scholastic philosophy, the philosophy of Wittgenstein and the philosophy of religion. With Peter Geach, he has made a significant contribution to Analytical Thomism, …

  10. Ian Hacking

    Ian Hacking, CC, Ph.D., FRSC, FBA (born February 18, 1936 in Vancouver) is a Canadian university professor and philosopher, specializing in the philosophy of science. He has undergraduate degrees from the University of British Columbia (1956) and the University of Cambridge (1958), where he was a student at Peterhouse College, Cambridge. Hacking also took his Ph.D. at Cambridge (1962), under the direction of Casimir Lewy, a former student of Wittgenstein's.

  11. Crispin Wright

    Crispin Wright (born 1942) is a British philosopher, who has written on neo-Fregean philosophy of mathematics, Wittgenstein's later philosophy, and on issues related to truth, realism, cognitivism, skepticism, knowledge, and objectivity. He is Professor of Logic and Metaphysics at the University of St. Andrews, and regular visiting professor at New York University (NYU). He has also taught at the University of Michigan, Oxford University, Columbia University, …

  12. Max Black

    Max Black (24 February 1909, Baku, Russian Empire [present-day Azerbaijan] – 27 August 1988, Ithaca, New York, United States) was a distinguished Anglo-American philosopher, who was a leading influence in analytic philosophy in the first half of the twentieth century. He made contributions to the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mathematics and science, and the philosophy of art, also publishing studies of the work of philosophers such as Frege.

  13. Pierre Klossowski

    Pierre Klossowski was a French writer, translator and artist. Born in Paris, Pierre Klossowski wrote full length volumes on the Marquis de Sade and Friedrich Nietzsche, a number of essays on literary and philosophical figures, and five novels. He translated several important texts (by Virgil, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Martin Heidegger, Friedrich Hölderlin, Franz Kafka, Nietzsche, and Walter Benjamin) into French, worked on films and was also an artist, …

  14. Jaakko Hintikka

    Jaakko Hintikka (born January 12 1929) is a Finnish philosopher and logician. Hintikka was born in Vantaa. After teaching for a number of years at Florida State University, Stanford, University of Helsinki, and the Academy of Finland, he is currently Professor of Philosophy at Boston University. The prolific author or co-author of over 30 books and over 300 scholarly articles, he has contributed to mathematical logic, philosophical logic, the philosophy of mathematics, …

  15. Robert Brandom

    Robert Brandom (1950-) is an American philosopher who teaches at the University of Pittsburgh. He works primarily in philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and philosophical logic, and his work manifests both systematic and historical interests in these topics. He earned his B.A. from Yale University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University, under Richard Rorty and David Kellogg Lewis.

  16. Pierre Hadot

    Pierre Hadot is a French philosopher, specialized in Ancient philosophy (in particular neo-platonism). He was director at the EHESS from 1964 to 1986, and was named professor at the Collège de France in 1982 where he held the "chaire d'histoire de la pensée hellénistique et romaine." He retired from that position and became professeur honoraire at the Collège in 1991. He has been one of the first author to introduce Wittgenstein's thought in France.

  17. Michael Williams

    Michael Williams (born 6 July 1947) is currently the Kreiger-Eisenhower Professor of Philosophy at Johns Hopkins University and chair of the department. Williams is a noted epistemologist, and has significant interest in philosophy of language, Wittgenstein, and the history of modern philosophy. He is particularly well known for his work on philosophical skepticism. In his books (1992) and (2001), Williams performs what he calls a "theoretical diagnosis" of skepticism, …

  18. Philippa Foot

    Philippa Ruth Foot (1920-), (born Bosanquet) is a British philosopher, most notable for her works in ethics. She is one of the founders of contemporary virtue ethics. Her work, especially her most recent work, may be seen as an attempt to modernize Aristotelian ethical theory, to show that it was adaptable to current issues, and thus that it could compete with such popular theories as modern deontological and utilitarian ethics.

  19. Alice Ambrose

    Alice Ambrose Lazerowitz (November 25,1906 - January 25, 2001) was an American philosopher, logician, and author. Alice Ambrose was born in Lexington, Illinois and studied philosophy and mathematics at Millikin University. After completing her PhD at the University of Wisconsin in 1932, she went to Cambridge University to study with G. E. Moore and Wittgenstein, where she earned a second PhD in 1938.

  20. Edmund Gettier

    Edmund L. Gettier III (born 1927 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst; he famously owes his reputation to a single three-page paper published in 1963 called "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?" Gettier was educated at Cornell University, where his mentors included the ordinary language philosopher Max Black and the controversial Wittgensteinian Norman Malcolm.

  21. Roger Nash

    Roger Nash BA, MA, PhD (Exon) is a Canadian philosopher and poet. He was born in Maidenhead, England on November 3, 1942. He grew up in England, Egypt, Cyprus, Singapore and Hong Kong. He has a B.A. from the University of Wales (1965), an M.A. from McMaster University (1966) and a Ph.D. from the University of Exeter (1974). Roger Nash is a professor in the Joint Department of Philosophy at Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario.

  22. Richard Evans

    Richard Evans is an artificial intelligence (AI) researcher working in computer games. He designed and implemented the AI for "Black & White", for which he received a number of awards, including the Game Developer Choice Award for Programming Excellence. For this game he combined a number of different AI techniques from apparently competing AI paradigms, including perceptron training, and decision tree learning.

  23. Herbert McCabe

    Herbert McCabe (1926-2001) was a Dominican priest, theologian and philosopher. After studying chemistry and philosophy at Manchester University, he joined the Dominicans in 1949, where under Victor White he began his life-long study of the works of Thomas Aquinas. He became editor of the journal New Blackfriars in 1965 but was removed in 1967 following a now-famous editorial in that journal in which he criticised the theologian Charles Davis for leaving the Church.

  24. Charles Stevenson

    Charles Leslie Stevenson was an American analytic philosopher best known for his work in ethics and aesthetics. He was a professor at Yale University from 1939 to 1946 and at the University of Michigan from 1946 to 1977. He studied in England with Wittgenstein and G. E. Moore. He gave the most sophisticated defense of emotivism in the post-war period. In his papers "The Emotive Meaning of Ethical Terms" (1937) and "Persuasive Definitions" (1938), …

  25. Josef Labor

    Josef Labor was a pianist, organist, and composer of late Romantic music. Labor was an influential music teacher. He was important, too, as a friend of some key figures in Vienna. Born in the town of Horowitz in Bohemia, …

  26. David Cockburn

    Professor David Cockburn (born 12 October 1949) studied Philosophy at St Andrews and Oxford, and has taught at Swansea, the Open University, and, since 1985, the University of Wales, Lampeter, where he teaches courses on the philosophy of mind, spinoza, wittgenstein among others. He held a British Academy Readership in 1994-96, during which he wrote "Other Times". He also holds a deep interest and involvement in the human rights group Amnesty International.

  27. Maurice Cornforth

    Maurice Campbell Cornforth was a British Marxist philosopher. Initially, he was in the early 1930s a follower of Wittgenstein, writing in the style of the analytic philosophy of the time. He later became in effect the official ideologist of the Communist Party of Great Britain. He is noted for his attack on the aesthetic theories of Christopher Caudwell, and for his later partial engagement with the linguistic philosophy of Oxford origin of the 1940s and 1960s.

  28. James F. Conant

    James Ferguson Conant (b. June 10, 1958) is an American philosopher who has written extensively on topics in philosophy of language, ethics, and metaphilosophy. He is perhaps best known for his writings on Wittgenstein, and his association with the New Wittgenstein school of Wittgenstein interpretation. He has also written on Stanley Cavell, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Soren Kierkegaard, edited two volumes of Hilary Putnam's papers, …

  29. Hans Karl von Diebitsch

    Count Hans Karl Friedrich Anton von Diebitsch and Narden (born 13 May 1785 in Groß Leipe near Obernigk, Lower Silesia - died 10 June 1831 near Pultusk) was a German-born soldier serving as Russian Field Marshal. He was educated at the Berlin cadet school, but by the desire of his father, Frederick II's aide-de-camp who had passed into the service of Russia, he also did the same in 1801. He served in the campaign of 1805, and was wounded at Austerlitz, …

  30. Reuben Goodstein

    Reuben Louis Goodstein (born 15 December 1912 in London, died 8 March 1985 in Leicester) was an English mathematician with a strong interest in the philosophy and teaching of mathematics. As a boy, he attended St Paul's School in London. He received his Master's degree from the University of Cambridge. After this, he worked at the University of Reading but ultimately spent most of his academic career in the University of Leicester.

  31. Hugh Sykes Davies

    Hugh Sykes Davies (1909-1984) was an English poet, novelist and communist who was one of a small group of 1930s British surrealists. Davies was born in Yorkshire and studied at Cambridge University, where he co-edited a student magazine called "Experiment" with William Empson. He spent some time in Paris during the 1930s. He was to stand as a communist candidate in the 1940 general election, but the vote was cancelled because of World War II.

  32. Bronwen Wallace

    Bronwen Wallace was a Canadian poet and short story writer. Wallace was born in Kingston, Ontario. She attended Queen's University, Kingston (B.A. 1967, M.A. 1969). In 1970, she moved to Windsor, Ontario, where she founded a women's bookstore and became active in working class and women's activist groups. In 1977, she returned to Kingston, where she worked at a women's shelter and taught at St. Lawrence College and Queen's.

  33. H.A. Pogorzelski

    Henry Andrew Pogorzelski was a mathematician who circulated a proof of Goldbach's conjecture that is not accepted among mathematicians. According to his claim in Crelle's Journal, 292, 1977, 1–12, the proof depends upon the "Consistency Hypothesis", the "Extended Wittgenstein Thesis", and "Church's Thesis", all of which, no doubt, contributed to its dubious reputation among his peers. He published several paperbacks on the "Transtheoretic Foundations of Mathematics", …

  34. Maria Serebriakova

    Maria Serebriakova is a Russian artist. Born in 1965 in Moscow, she now lives and works in Berlin, Germany. Serebriakova’s body of work mainly consists of installations, graphics, objects and photographs. Every work exudes an overwhelming sense of loneliness and despair. She approaches this ‘condition humaine’ (the fate of Man) on a very philosophic and universal manner.

  35. Anjel Vagenstein

    Anjel Raymond Vagenstein (born October 17, 1922) is a Bulgarian film director. Vagenstein was born in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, but spent his childhood in France where his Jewish family emigrated for political reasons. He was later a member of the Bulgarian Communist Party and a guerrilla terrorist fighter against Bulgarian people and the then-government, with a death sentence.

  36. Vaughan Grylls

    Vaughan Grylls is a British artist and educationalist. Vaughan Grylls first showed at the ICA in 1970 immediately after leaving The Slade. He showed his ‘Pun-Sculptures’, an example being 'A Case for Wittgenstein' consisting of two white suitcases on one of which he had scrawled ‘I brought this in Case’ and on the other screened a photograph of the first case with ‘A Case for Wittgenstein' by Vaughan Grylls’ printed underneath in large black letters.

  37. Ludwig Wittgenstein

    Austrian-British philosopher.

  38. Ludwig Wittgenstein

    You are now marked on my profile visitor map!

  39. Ludwig Wittgenstein

    6.54 My propositions are elucidatory in this way: he who understands me finally recognizes them as senseless, when he has climbed out through them, on them, over them. (He must so to speak throw away the ladder, after he has climbed up on it.) He must transcend these propositions, and then he will see the world aright.

  40. Ludwig Wittgenstein

    My goal: To replace concealed nonsense with patent nonsense.

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